Ukuphakama kwamandla amakhulu ehlabathi kuqala ekwakhiweni kweenqanawa kuze kudlule elwandle. Njengophawu olubalulekileyo lwenqanaba lemizi-mveliso yelizwe,imboni yokwakha iinqanawa, njenge "sithsaba semizi-mveliso ebanzi", inomlinganiselo ophezulu wokwanda kwemizi-mveliso kunye nomnqweno onamandla wemizi-mveliso. Ukusukela kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, ukunqongophala kwamandla okuthumela ngenqanawa kwihlabathi kukhokelele ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso okuthumela ngenqanawa, kwaye ukukhula kwemfuno yokuthumela ngenqanawa kukhokelele ekwandeni kwee-odolo ezintsha zeenqanawa zamazwe ngamazwe, nto leyo ebangele "imeko ephumelelayo engakhange ibonwe kwiminyaka elishumi" kwishishini lokwakha iinqanawa kwihlabathi liphela. kulungile.
Nangona imeko ilungile, ishishini lokwakha iinqanawa lisafuna ukujongana neengxaki ezininzi zokuphucula amashishini phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu lokukhuselwa kwendalo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-International Maritime Organisation (IMO) iye yakhawulezisa kancinci umthetho wayo wokukhuselwa kwendalo, kwaye izalathisi ezifanelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuqina kwekhabhoni ziye zamisela ngokucacileyo ixesha lokuqalisa ukusebenza.
Kwangaxeshanye, injongo "yencopho yekhabhoni kunye nokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni" nayo icetyisiwe kuphuhliso oluluhlaza kwishishini lokwakha iinqanawa. Ngeemfuno ezintsha, "ukususa ikhabhoni" kubalulekile, kwaye ukusetyenziswa ngokunzulu kwamandla amatsha, izixhobo ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza nobukrelekrele kuye kwaba yindlela ephambili yokwakhiwa kweenqanawa kunye nokulungisa kunye nokuthumela iimpahla kwixesha elizayo.
Ngokwesiko, ukuhla kweenqanawa yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokugcinwa nokulungiswa kweenqanawa. Ngaphambili, kwakusenziwa ikakhulu ngesando sefosholo okanye ukuqhumisa ngomoya. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku kumashishini amakhulu okwakha iinqanawa, ukucoca nge-laser kusetyenziswa ngakumbi ukwenza ukucoca iinqanawa. Ukucoca, kutheni kukho utshintsho olunjalo? Okanye zeziphi izibonelelo zokucoca iinqanawa?oomatshini bokucoca nge-laserxa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokucoca zemveli?
Inkqubo yokucoca yendabuko ekwakheni nasekulungiseni iinqanawa
Ekwakhiweni nasekulungisweni kweenqanawa, kukho inani elikhulu leekhonkco zokucoca, kuquka ukucoca kwangaphambili iipleyiti zesinyithi (ngaphambi kokuwelda nasemva kokuwelda) kunye nokulungiswa kwangaphambili kweenqanawa ezintsha (ngaphambi kokupeyintwa), kunye nokususwa komhlwa kunye nokususwa ngokubanzi ekulungisweni nasekugcinweni kweenqanawa ezindala. Ukugcinwa kwepeyinti kunye nokugcinwa kwepeyinti yesibini.
Iinkqubo zokucoca zemveli kunye nokususa ipeyinti ziquka ukugaywa ngesandla, ukuqhumisa isanti, ukuqhumisa ngeempumlo, ukuhlamba ngamanzi ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokucoca ngamakhemikhali. Ezi nkqubo zokucoca zemveli zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokucoca ihashe ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wokususa umhlwa, kodwa azinakubethwa ngoyaba. Ewe, ngokubanzi zifuna umsebenzi omninzi, zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngamanzi kunye nombane, ingakumbi ukuqhumisa isanti kuvelisa umsi omkhulu kunye nothuli, okubangela ungcoliseko olukhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi amdaka emva kokuhlamba ngamanzi ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye eminye imisebenzi eneemfuno zococeko oluphezulu ayinakugqitywa njl.njl.
Itekhnoloji yokucoca nge-laserinezibonelelo ezininzi ezifanaakukho monakalo kwi-substrate, ulawulo oluchanekileyo kwinqanaba le-micron, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, ngoko ke ibe yindawo ephambili yophando ekwakheni iinqanawa.
1. Ukususwa komhlwa ngesandla
Izixhobo zokususa umhlwa ngesandla ziquka iihamile, iifosholo, iimela zentsimbi, iibhrashi zentsimbi, njl. Ngokubanzi, amabala atyebileyo omhlwa ayakhutshwa ngehamile aze asuswe ngefosholo. Ubunzima obukhulu bokusebenza kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kokususa umhlwa.
2. Ukususwa komhlwa ngoomatshini
(1) Ukususwa komhlwa okuncinci okuphuma emoyeni okanye ngombane; (2) Ukususwa komhlwa ophuma kwisanti;
(3) Ukunyibilikisa ngamanzi arhabaxa anamandla aphezulu; (4) Ukunyibilikisa ngamanzi arhabaxa.
3. Ukususwa komhlwa ngamakhemikhali
Ngokuyintloko yindlela yokususa umhlwa esebenzisa i-chemical reaction phakathi kwe-asidi kunye ne-metal oxides ukususa umhlwa kumphezulu wesinyithi, oko kukuthi, into ebizwa ngokuba yi-pickling kunye ne-rust removal, enokwenziwa kuphela kwindawo yokusebenzela. Ukususwa komhlwa wekhemikhali kunomngcipheko omkhulu, ungcoliseko olukhulu lokusingqongileyo, kwaye kunqunyelwe ukusetyenziswa.
4. Ukususwa komhlwa nge-laser
Ukususwa komhlwa nge-laser bubuchwepheshe obutsha obuluhlaza, obunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, obusebenzayo nobukhuselekileyo, obuza kuthatha indawo yeenkqubo ezingentla kwaye busetyenziswe kakhulu. Ingakumbi ekususeni ipeyinti, ukususa ioyile, ukucoca imiphetho kunye nokususa umhlwa, kunye nokususa umaleko we-oxide, ukucoca nge-laser kuya kudlala indima engenakutshintshwa.
Ngokusekelwe kwinyani engentla, phantsi kweemfuno zemigangatho emitsha ye-EIA, amashishini okwakha iinqanawa kufuneka afune ngenkuthalo iinkqubo ezintsha, ezisebenzayo nezicocekileyo zokucoca kunye neendlela zokusombulula iingongoma ezibuhlungu zoshishino.
Ukucocwa nge-laser kwenza ukucocwa kweenqanawa kube lukhetho olubalulekileyo
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, phantsi kokukhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lweli shishini, iteknoloji yokucoca nge-laser iye yavela kancinci kancinci kwizicelo eziphezulu ezifana nezithuthi zamandla ezintsha, i-aerospace, kunye ne-electronics echanekileyo, kwaye ikwabonise amandla amaninzi okusetyenziswa kwishishini lokwakha iinqanawa.
Itekhnoloji yokucoca nge-laser ineengenelo ezininzi ezifana nokungabikho komonakalo kwi-substrate, ulawulo oluchanekileyo kwinqanaba le-micron, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, njl.njl., kwaye inokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokususwa komhlwa kuzo zonke iiprofayili zentsimbi kunye nonyango lwangaphambi kokuwelda ngaphambi nasemva kokuwelda.
Ngokuphathelele ukugcinwa kweenqanawa, ukucocwa nge-laser, njengetekhnoloji yokucoca "echanekileyo", kufanelekile ekuxobukeni umhlwa kunye nopende kwiindawo zeekhabhini, iitanki ze-ballast, iitanki zepetroli, njl.njl., kunye nokucocwa kweediphozithi zekhabhoni ezifana neevalvu zesilinda senjini yedizili yaselwandle. Ayilimazi isiseko, kwaye inokujongana nezikhewu ezincinci ngaphandle kwemiqobo yokususa ngokuchanekileyo isikali, umgangatho wokucoca ophezulu, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.
Ukuba ufuna ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nokucoca nge-laser, okanye ufuna ukuthenga umatshini wokucoca nge-laser ongcono kuwe, nceda ushiye umyalezo kwiwebhusayithi yethu kwaye usithumelele i-imeyile ngokuthe ngqo!
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-12-2022
