Izamuka ry'ibihugu bikomeye ku isi ritangira mu kubaka amato no mu nyanja. Nk'ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'urwego rw'inganda z'igihugu,inganda z'ubwubatsi bw'amato, nk'"ikamba ry'inganda zikora neza", ifite urwego rwo hejuru rw'inganda n'imbaraga zikomeye z'inganda. Kuva mu gice cya mbere cy'uyu mwaka, ibura ry'ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa ku isi ryatumye ibiciro by'ubwikorezi bizamuka, kandi ukwiyongera kw'ibikenewe mu gutwara ibicuruzwa byatumye ibicuruzwa bishya mpuzamahanga byiyongera, bibyara "ahantu heza hataraboneka mu myaka icumi" mu nganda z'ubwubatsi ku isi. Ni byiza.
Nubwo ibintu bimeze neza, inganda z’ubwubatsi ziracyakeneye guhangana n’ibibazo byinshi byo kuvugurura inganda bitewe n’igitutu gikomeye cyo kurengera ibidukikije. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Butaka (IMO) wihutishije buhoro buhoro amategeko yawo ku kurengera ibidukikije, kandi ibipimo bireba ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’ubukana bwa karuboni byashyizeho neza ingengabihe yo gutangira gukurikizwa.
Muri icyo gihe, intego ya "agahebuzo ka karuboni no kutagira karuboni" nayo yatanzwe mu iterambere ryita ku bidukikije mu nganda z’ubwubatsi bw’amato. Hamwe n’ibisabwa bishya, "gukuraho karuboni" ni ngombwa, kandi ikoreshwa ryimbitse ry’ingufu nshya, ibikoresho bishya n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi ry’ubwenge byabaye icyerekezo cy’ingenzi cy’inganda z’ubwubatsi n’iz’ubusane n’ubwikorezi mu gihe kizaza.
Ubusanzwe, gukura ubwato mu mwanya wabwo ni igice cy'ingenzi mu kubungabunga no gusana ubwato. Kera, byakorwaga cyane cyane hakoreshejwe inyundo n'intoki cyangwa guturitsa umwuka. Ariko, ubu mu bigo bikomeye bikora amato, isuku ya laser irushaho gukoreshwa mu gusukura amato. Kuki hari impinduka nk'iyi? Cyangwa ni izihe nyungu zoimashini zisukura hakoreshejwe laserugereranyije n'uburyo gakondo bwo gusukura?
Uburyo bwo gusukura busanzwe mu kubaka no gusana amato
Mu kubaka no gusana amato, hari umubare munini w'ibikoresho byo gusukura, harimo cyane cyane ibyuma bitegura gusukura (mbere yo gusudira na nyuma yo gusudira) no gutunganya amato mashya mbere yo gusiga irangi, ndetse no gukuraho ingese no kuyakuraho muri rusange mu gusana no kubungabunga amato ashaje. Gusiga irangi no kubungabunga irangi ry’inyongera.
Uburyo bwo gusukura no gukuraho irangi gakondo burimo gusya n'intoki, gutwika umucanga, guturika amasasu, gukaraba amazi hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi no gusukura imiti. Ubu buryo bwo gusukura gakondo bushobora guhaza ibyifuzo byo gusukura igice cy'umubiri mu bijyanye no gukora neza no gukuraho ingese, ariko ntibushobora kwirengagizwa. Yego, muri rusange burasaba akazi kenshi, amazi menshi n'amashanyarazi akoreshwa cyane, cyane cyane gutwika umucanga bitanga umwotsi mwinshi n'umukungugu, bigatera umwanda ukomeye ku bidukikije, ndetse no kongera gukoresha amazi yanduye nyuma yo gukaraba amazi hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi imirimo imwe n'imwe ifite ibisabwa byo gusukura cyane ntishobora kurangizwa n'ibindi.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura hakoreshejwe laserifite ibyiza byinshi nkonta kwangirika kw'ubutaka, kugenzura neza ku rwego rwa mikoroni, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije, bityo ikaba ari ahantu hakunze kugaragara ubushakashatsi mu kubaka amato.
1. Gukuraho ingese n'intoki
Ibikoresho byo gukuraho ingese n'intoki birimo inyundo, amasuka, ibyuma by'icyuma, uburoso bw'insinga, nibindi. Muri rusange, ahantu hanini hacukurwa ingese hakoreshejwe inyundo hanyuma hagakurwaho isuka. Ingufu nyinshi kandi ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ingese buragabanuka.
2. Gukuraho ingese mu buryo bwa mashini
(1) Gukuraho ingese nto zikoreshwa mu mwuka cyangwa amashanyarazi; (2) Gukuraho ingese zikoreshwa mu gusohora amasasu (umucanga);
(3) Gukuraho amazi hakoreshejwe umuvuduko mwinshi; (4) Gukuraho amazi hakoreshejwe guturika amasasu.
3. Gukuraho ingese mu buryo bw'imiti
Uburyo bwo gukuraho ingese ahanini ni uburyo bwo gukuraho ingese bukoresha uburyo bwa shimi hagati ya aside na okiside z'icyuma kugira ngo ukureho ingese ku buso bw'icyuma, ni ukuvuga icyo bita pickling na gest removal, gishobora gukorwa gusa mu iduka. Gukuraho ingese z'ibinyabutabire bifite ibyago byinshi, bihumanya ibidukikije cyane, kandi birabujijwe gukoreshwa.
4. Gukuraho ingese hakoreshejwe laser
Gukuraho ingese hakoreshejwe laser ni ikoranabuhanga rishya ry’icyatsi kibisi, rirengera ibidukikije, rikora neza kandi rifite umutekano, rizasimbura vuba ibi byavuzwe haruguru kandi rigakoreshwa cyane. Cyane cyane mu gukuraho irangi, gukuraho amavuta, gusukura impande no gukuraho ingese, no gukuraho okiside, gusukura hakoreshejwe laser bizagira uruhare runini.
Hashingiwe ku kuri kwavuzwe haruguru, hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'amahame mashya ya EIA, ibigo by'inganda z'ubwubatsi bigomba gushaka uburyo bushya, bwiza kandi busukuye bwo gusukura no gukemura ibibazo by'inganda.
Gusukura amato hakoreshejwe laser bituma isuku y'amato iba amahitamo y'ingenzi
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hifashishijwe ubuvugizi bw’imikorere myiza, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije kugira ngo hatezwe imbere iterambere ry’inganda, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura hakoreshejwe imirasire ryagiye rigaragara buhoro buhoro mu bikorwa byo ku rwego rwo hejuru nko mu modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, mu kirere, no mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bigezweho, kandi ryagaragaje ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gukoresha mu nganda zikora amato.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura hakoreshejwe laser rifite ibyiza byinshi nko kutangiza substrate, kugenzura neza ku rwego rwa micron, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije, nibindi, kandi rishobora guhaza byuzuye ibisabwa byo gukuraho ingese ku miterere yose y'icyuma no kugitunganya mbere na nyuma yo gusudira.
Mu bijyanye no kubungabunga amato, gusukura hakoreshejwe laser, nk'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura "ryihuse", birakwiriye mu gukuraho ingese n'irangi ku buso bw'amakabati, amatangi ya ballast, amatangi ya lisansi, nibindi, ndetse no gusukura ibisigazwa bya karuboni nka valve za moteri ya mazutu. Ntabwo byangiza substrate, kandi bishobora gukemura icyuho gito nta mbogamizi zo gukuraho neza ubunini, isuku nziza, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi ku bijyanye no gusukura hakoreshejwe laser, cyangwa ushaka kugura imashini nziza yo gusukura hakoreshejwe laser, andika ubutumwa ku rubuga rwacu hanyuma utwandikire kuri imeri!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-12-2022
