Abakhiqizi bahlala befuna ukwenza imikhiqizo eqinile, ehlala isikhathi eside, futhi ethembekile, kanye nasemkhakheni wezimoto kanye nezindiza. Kulokhu kuphishekela, bavame ukuthuthukisa futhi bashintshe izinhlelo zezinto zokwakha ngezinsimbi zensimbi eziphansi, izinga lokushisa elingcono kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Lokhu kunikeza abakhiqizi indawo engcono emakethe.
Empeleni, lokho kuyingxenye yendaba kuphela.
Inzuzo enamandla kakhulu yamasu ukuqiniseka okulinganiselwe mayelana namandla omkhiqizo, ukuqina kwawo, kanye nokuthembeka kwawo.
Ukushintshanisa izinto ezindala neziqinile kungaba isiqalo esihle, kodwa futhi kudinga izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe ezithembele ekuhlanzeni indawo okuhlanzekile nokuphumelelayo ukuze kudalwe izakhiwo eziqinile. Izinsimbi ezifana ne-aluminium alloys nezinto ezithuthukisiwe ezifana ne-carbon fiber polymer composites, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izimoto nasezindiza, zidinga ukubopha ukuze kwehliswe isisindo - lapho kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane, isisindo siyangezwa esakhiweni - nokudala amalunga athembekile kakhudlwana.
Amasu okuqeda i-aluminium yendabuko afaka phakathi ukuqhumisa isihlabathi, ukusula i-solvent, kulandelwe ukugaya (ukusebenzisa i-scouring pad) noma i-anodizing. Ukubopha okunamathelayo kuvula umnyango wezinqubo ezenzakalelayo kakhulu lapho ukuqedwa kwendabuko kungahambisani khona.
Ukufutha i-anodizing kuvame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zezindiza lapho lokhu kulungiselela okubizayo nokuqinile kusetshenziswa khona ukuhlangabezana nezimiso eziqinile. Ukwehlukahluka okungokwemvelo kobuchwepheshe bokuqhumisa isihlabathi kanye nokuhudula ngesandla kubonisa ngokusobala ukuthi inqubo elawulwa kakhulu iyafaneleka.
Ukuhlanzwa nge-laser noma ukususwa nge-laser kugcwalisa lesi sikhala senqubo njengendlela enembile, enobungani nemvelo, ezenzakalelayo nephumelelayo yokwelapha izinsimbi nezindawo ezihlanganisiwe zokuhlanza. Izinhlobo zokungcola ezitholakala ebusweni balezi zinto zisuswa kalula ngokucubungula nge-laser.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kunamandla kakhulu, kubalulekile ukwazi kahle ukuthi kuthinta kanjani ubuso bakho. Umehluko phakathi kwendawo ephathwe kahle kanye nendawo engaphathwanga kahle noma ephathwe ngokweqile kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuyihlola. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisekisa inqubo yobuningi bubucayi futhi bunembile njengenqubo ye-laser uqobo, abakhiqizi bangaqiniseka ukuthi izindawo zabo zensimbi nezihlanganisiwe zilungele ngokuphelele ukubopha.
I-laser ye-Fortune elandelayo izokunikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe sezizathu zokukhetha ukuhlanzwa nge-laser.
1 –Kuyini Ukuhlanza Nge-Laser?
Ukwelashwa nge-laser kuyindlela yokuhlanza enembile kakhulu, esebenza ngokushisa ngokususa (ukususa) izingxenyana ezincane zobuso bezinto ezibonakalayo ngomsebe we-laser ogxile, ovame ukushaya. I-laser ikhanyisa ubuso ukuze isuse ama-athomu futhi ingasetshenziswa ukubhoboza imigodi emincane kakhulu, ejulile ngezinto eziqinile kakhulu, ikhiqize amafilimu amancane noma izinhlayiya ezincane ebusweni.
Le nqubo yokuhlanza ubuso iphumelela kakhulu ngenxa yekhono layo lokuqondisa izingqimba ezincane kangaka zokungcola kanye nezinsalela. Izindawo ze-aluminium ziqukethe ama-oxide namafutha okugcoba alimaza ukuhlangana kwe-glue kanye nezinhlanganisela zivame ukugcina ukukhishwa kwesikhunta okusele kanye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo ze-silicone ezingakwazi ukwakha izibopho zamakhemikhali eziqinile nezinamathelayo.
Uma i-glue isetshenziswa endaweni enenye yalezi zinsalela ezikhona, izozama ukunamathela ngamakhemikhali kumafutha kanye ne-silicone ezingqimbeni ezimbalwa eziphezulu zama-molecule ezinto. Lezi zibopho zibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi zizohluleka ngokungenakugwenywa noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokusebenza noma ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo. Lapho amalunga ephuka endaweni lapho ubuso kanye ne-glue noma i-coating kuhlangana khona lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwehluleka kwe-interfacial. Ukwehluleka kokubambisana ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-lap shear yilapho ukuphuka kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-glue ngokwayo. Lokhu kubonisa isibopho esiqinile kakhulu kanye nesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esiqinile futhi esihlala isikhathi eside.
Ukwehluleka kokubambisana kwalezi zibonelo ezihlanganisiwe eziphathwe nge-laser kubonisa inhlaka ezinhlangothini zombili zezinto eziboshiwe.
Ukwehluleka kobuso kwalezi zibonelo ezihlanganisiwe ezingaphathwanga kubonisa ukuthi inhlaka inamathele kuphela kolunye uhlangothi bese idedela olunye ngokuphelele.
Uma unenkinga yokubambisana, uba nesibopho sokuxhumana esingavumeli lutho. Ukwelashwa kwendawo kuhlose ukuguqula indawo ukuze kususwe ukungcola nokudala noma ukwembula indawo ezokwazi ukuhlanganiswa ngamakhemikhali ne-glue ukuze kube nezibopho eziqinile nezithembekile.
2- Indlela Yokwazi Uma Indawo Yakho Ephathwe Nge-Laser Ilungele Ukunamathela
Ukulinganisa ama-engeli okuxhumana, njengalawo okukhulunywe ngawo ephepheni le-IJAA asetshenziswa ukuqonda ukwehla kokwelashwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuqapha nokuqinisekisa izinqubo zokuhlanza nge-laser.
Ukulinganiswa kwe-engeli yokuxhumana kuyazwela ezinguqukweni zama-molecule ezenzeka endaweni ephathwa nge-laser. Ukwehla koketshezi olubekwe phezu kwendawo kuzokhuphuka noma kwehle ngokuqondene ngqo nenani lokungcola okuncane ebusweni. Ukulinganiswa kwe-engeli yokuxhumana kuyisibonakaliso esingapheli sokunamathela futhi kunganikeza ukucaca nokubonakala kokuthi amandla okwelashwa ahambisana kanjani nezidingo zokuhlanza zezinto zokwakha.
Ukulinganiswa kwe-contact angle kuhlobene kahle noshintsho emazingeni okungcola atholwe ngezindlela ze-spectroscopy. Ukulinganiswa okunembile kakhulu kokungcola ezindaweni kwenziwa ngemishini engenakwenzeka ukuthi abakhiqizi bayithenge futhi engasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zangempela ezikhiqizwayo noma kunjalo.
Ukulinganiswa kwe-engeli yokuxhumana kungenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi nangemva kokwelashwa emgqeni wokukhiqiza ngengesandlanomaamathuluzi okulinganisa azenzakalelayoNjengoba nje ukuhlanzwa nge-laser kuthatha indawo yezindlela zokulungiselela ubuso eziphelelwe yisikhathi ngenxa yezidingo zokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo zokukhiqiza okuphezulu nokunembile, ukulinganisa i-contact angle nakho kwenza ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomhlaba okuzimele nokungacacile njengoyinki we-dyne kanye nokuhlolwa kokuphuka kwamanzi kuphelelwe yisikhathi.
Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamandla kuhlola kuphela isampula yezinto ezicutshungulwayo, okwengeza izinga lokulahlwa futhi kungabonisi ukuthi ungakha kanjani isibopho esiqinile. Ama-engeli okuxhumana, uma esetshenziswa kulo lonke umugqa wokukhiqiza angakhomba ngqo lapho inqubo idinga ukulungiswa khona, futhi anganikeza ukuqonda ngalokho okudingeka kulungiswe futhi ngezinga elingakanani.
3- Kungani Usebenzisa Ukuhlanza Nge-Laser?
Kuye kwaba nocwaningo oluningi oluhle ngezindlela ukwelashwa nge-laser surface okuthuthukisa ngayo ukunamathela. Isibonelo,iphepha elishicilelwe kuyi-Journal of Adhesionsihlole ukuthi angakanani amandla amalunga akhuliswa ngokuhlanza nge-laser ngokungafani nezindlela zendabuko.
"Imiphumela yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi ukwelashwa komhlaba nge-laser preadesion kuthuthukise kakhulu amandla okusika amasampula e-aluminium ahlanganisiwe aguquliwe uma kuqhathaniswa nama-substrate angaphathwanga futhi anodized. Imiphumela emihle kakhulu itholakale ngamandla e-laser angaba ngu-0.2 J/Pulse/cm2 lapho amandla okusika i-single lap athuthukiswe ngo-600-700% uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo e-alloy e-Al engaphathwanga, kanye no-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kwangaphambili kwe-chromic acid anodizing.
Indlela yokwehluleka yashintsha kusukela ekunamatheleni kuya ekuhlanganeni njengoba inani lama-laser pulses landa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Lesi simo sokugcina sihlotshaniswa nezinguquko zesimo njengoba kwembulwe nge-electron microscopy, kanye nokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali njengoba kuboniswe yi-Auger kanye ne-infrared spectroscopy.
Omunye umphumela othakazelisayo wokususwa kwe-laser amandla anawo okudala ubuso obungaboli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Fortune Laseryenze umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ekubhekeni ukuthi ukuhlanza nge-laser kuhlangana kanjani nezindawo ngezindlela ezimangalisayo. Ukwelashwa nge-aluminiyamu nge-laser kudala ama-crater amancane ebusweni ancibilika futhi aqine cishe ngasikhathi sinye abe ungqimba oluncane lwekristalu ebusweni olumelana nokugqwala kakhulu kune-aluminiyamu uqobo.
Uma ubheka ishadi elingezansi, libonisa umehluko phakathi kwamandla okusika kwesibopho kusetshenziswa i-aluminium ephathwe nge-laser kanye ne-aluminium ephathwe ngamakhemikhali. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba izindawo ezibekwe endaweni emanzi, ikhono lendawo ephathwe ngamakhemikhali lokubopha kahle liyancipha kakhulu ngoba umswakama uqala ukugqwala indawo, kuyilapho indawo ephathwe nge-laser igcina ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala ngemva kwamasonto okuvezwa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-12-2022
