Ukushisela Nge-Laser: Indlela Yokukhetha Igesi Yakho Yokuvikela

Ukukhetha igesi yokusiza ukushisela nge-laser efanele kungenye yezinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu ozozenza, kodwa ngokuvamile ayiqondwa kahle. Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ukushisela nge-laser okubonakala kuphelele kwehlulekile ngaphansi kokucindezeleka? Impendulo ingase ibe emoyeni… noma kunalokho, kugesi ethile oyisebenzisele ukuvikela ukushisela.

Le gesi, ebizwa nangokuthi igesi yokuvikela yokushisela nge-laser, akuyona nje into yokwengeza ongayikhetha; iyingxenye eyisisekelo yenqubo. Yenza imisebenzi emithathu engaxoxiswana ngayo enquma ngqo ikhwalithi, amandla, kanye nokubukeka komkhiqizo wakho wokugcina.

Kuvikela i-Weld:Igesi yokusiza idala ibhamuza elivikelayo elizungeze insimbi encibilikisiwe, eliyivikela kumagesi asemoyeni afana nomoya-mpilo kanye ne-nitrogen. Ngaphandle kwalesi sivikelo, uthola amaphutha amabi njenge-oxidation (i-weld ebuthakathaka, enombala oshintshile) kanye ne-porosity (amabhamuza amancane anciphisa amandla).

Iqinisekisa Amandla E-Laser Agcwele:Njengoba i-laser ishaya insimbi, ingadala “ifu le-plasma.” Leli fu lingavimba futhi lisakaze amandla e-laser, okuholela ekushiseni okungajulile, okubuthakathaka. Igesi efanele ishaya le plasma, iqinisekise ukuthi amandla aphelele e-laser yakho afinyelela endaweni yokusebenza.

Kuvikela Imishini Yakho:Umfudlana wegesi uphinde uvimbele umusi wensimbi kanye nokuchitheka kwamanzi ukuthi kungandizi phezulu futhi kungcolise ilensi yokugxila ebizayo ekhanda lakho le-laser, okukusindisa esikhathini sokuphumula esibizayo kanye nokulungiswa.

Ukukhetha Igesi Evikelayo Yokushisela Nge-Laser: Abaphikisi Abayinhloko

Ukukhetha kwakho igesi kuncike kubadlali abathathu abaphambili: i-Argon, i-Nitrogen, ne-Helium. Cabanga ngabo njengochwepheshe abahlukene ongabaqasha emsebenzini. Ngamunye unamandla ahlukile, ubuthakathaka, kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa ezifanele.

I-Argon (Ar): I-All-Rounder Ethembekile

I-Argon iyisisebenzi esisebenzayo emhlabeni wokushisela. Iyigesi engasebenzi, okusho ukuthi ngeke isabele echibini lokushisela elincibilikisiwe. Iphinde ibe nzima kunomoya, ngakho-ke inikeza isembozo esihle kakhulu nesizinzile sokuvikela ngaphandle kokudinga amazinga aphezulu okugeleza.

Okuhle Kakhulu Ku:Uhla olukhulu lwezinto zokwakha, okuhlanganisa i-aluminium, insimbi engagqwali, kanye nezinsimbi ezisabelayo njenge-titanium. Ukushisela nge-laser ye-Argon kuyindlela ethandwayo yama-fiber lasers ngoba kunikeza ukuphela kokushisela okuhlanzekile, okukhanyayo, nokubushelelezi.

Okubalulekile Okucatshangelwayo:Inamandla amancane okukhiqiza i-ionization. Ngama-laser e-CO₂ anamandla amakhulu, ingaba negalelo ekwakhekeni kwe-plasma, kodwa ezinhlelweni eziningi zesimanje ze-fiber laser, iyisinqumo esifanele.

I-nitrogen (N₂): Umenzi Osebenza Kahle Ngezindleko

I-nitrogen iyindlela engabizi kakhulu, kodwa ungavumeli intengo ephansi ikudukise. Ekusetshenzisweni okufanele, akuyona nje isihlangu; ingumhlanganyeli osebenzayo ongathuthukisa ukushintshwa kwensimbi.

Okuhle Kakhulu Ku:Amazinga athile ensimbi engagqwali. Ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen ekushiseni nge-laser insimbi engagqwali kungasebenza njenge-alloying agent, kuzinzise isakhiwo sangaphakathi sensimbi ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okusebenza kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

Okubalulekile Okucatshangelwayo:I-nitrogen iyigesi esabelayo. Ukuyisebenzisa ezintweni ezingafanele, njenge-titanium noma ezinye izinsimbi ze-carbon, kuyindlela yokudala inhlekelele. Izosabela nensimbi futhi ibangele ukuqhekeka okukhulu, okuholela ekushiseni okungaqhekeka futhi kuhluleke.

I-Helium (He): Uchwepheshe Osebenza Kakhulu

I-Helium iyinkanyezi ebiza kakhulu. Ine-conductivity ephezulu kakhulu yokushisa kanye nekhono eliphezulu kakhulu lokufaka i-ionization, okwenza ibe yiqhawe elingenakuphikiswa lokunciphisa i-plasma.

Okuhle Kakhulu Ku:Ukushisela okujulile ezintweni ezijiyile noma ezihambisa kakhulu njenge-aluminium nethusi. Futhi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yama-laser e-CO₂ anamandla amakhulu, asengozini enkulu yokwakheka kwe-plasma.

Okubalulekile Okucatshangelwayo:Izindleko. I-Helium ibiza kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ilula kakhulu, udinga amazinga aphezulu okugeleza ukuze uthole isivikelo esanele, okwandisa izindleko zokusebenza.

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwegesi Okubhekiselwa Ngokushesha

Ukukhetha Igesi Yokushisela Nge-Laser Esebenzayo: Ukufanisa Igesi Nensimbi

Ithiyori inhle kakhulu, kodwa uyisebenzisa kanjani? Nasi isiqondiso esiqondile sezinto ezivame kakhulu.

Ukushisela Insimbi Engagqwali

Unezinketho ezimbili ezinhle lapha. Ngezinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic neze-duplex, i-Nitrogen noma i-Nitrogen-Argon blend ivame ukuba yiyona ekhethwa kakhulu. Ithuthukisa isakhiwo esincane futhi ikhulisa amandla e-weld. Uma okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe kungukuqedwa okuhlanzekile ngokuphelele, okukhanyayo okungenakho ukusebenzisana kwamakhemikhali, i-Argon emsulwa iyindlela okufanele uyenze.

Ukushisela i-Aluminium

I-Aluminiyamu iyinkimbinkimbi ngoba iqeda ukushisa ngokushesha. Eziningi zezinhlelo zokusebenza, i-Argon emsulwa iyisinqumo esijwayelekile ngenxa yokuvikela kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma ushisela izingxenye ezijiyile (ngaphezu kuka-3-4 mm), ingxube ye-Argon-Helium ishintsha umdlalo. I-helium inikeza ukushaya okwengeziwe kokushisa okudingekayo ukuze kufinyelelwe ukungena okujulile nokuqhubekayo.

Ukushisela i-Titanium

Kukhona umthetho owodwa kuphela wokushisela i-titanium: sebenzisa i-Argon ehlanzekile kakhulu. Ungalokothi usebenzise i-Nitrogen noma ingxube yegesi equkethe amagesi asebenzayo. I-Nitrogen izosabela ne-titanium, idale ama-titanium nitrides enza ukuthi i-weld ibe buthakathaka kakhulu futhi ihloselwe ukwehluleka. Ukuvikela okuphelele ngegesi elandelanayo nengemuva nakho kuyimpoqo ukuvikela insimbi epholile kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana nomoya.

Icebiso Lochwepheshe:Abantu bavame ukuzama ukonga imali ngokunciphisa izinga lokugeleza kwegesi, kodwa lokhu kuyiphutha elivamile. Izindleko ze-weld eyodwa ehlulekile ngenxa ye-oxidation zidlula kakhulu izindleko zokusebenzisa inani elifanele legesi yokuvikela. Njalo qala ngesilinganiso sokugeleza esinconyiwe sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza bese ulungisa kusukela lapho.

Ukuxazulula Amaphutha Okushisela Nge-Laser Evamile

Uma ubona izinkinga kuma-weld akho, igesi yakho yokusiza ingenye yezinto zokuqala okufanele uzihlole.

Ukubola kanye nokuguquka kombala:Lesi yisibonakaliso esisobala kakhulu sokuvikelwa okungekuhle. Igesi yakho ayivikeli i-weld emoyeni. Isixazululo ngokuvamile ukwandisa izinga lokugeleza kwegesi yakho noma ukuhlola i-nozzle yakho kanye nohlelo lokulethwa kwegesi ukuze kutholakale ukuvuza noma ukuvaleka.

Ama-Porosity (Amabhamuza Egesi):Lokhu kuphazamiseka kwenza i-weld ibe buthaka ngaphakathi. Kungabangelwa izinga lokugeleza eliphansi kakhulu (ukungavikeleki okwanele) noma eliphakeme kakhulu, okungadala isiyaluyalu futhi kudonsele umoya echibini le-weld.

Ukungena Okungaguquguquki:Uma ukujula kwe-weld yakho kugcwele yonke indawo, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene ne-plasma evimba i-laser. Lokhu kuvamile nge-CO2.₂ Ama-laser. Isixazululo ukushintshela kugesi enokucindezela okungcono kwe-plasma, njenge-Helium noma ingxube ye-Helium-Argon.

Izihloko Ezithuthukisiwe: Izingxube Zegesi Nezinhlobo Ze-Laser

Amandla Ezingxube Ezihlelekile

Ngezinye izikhathi, igesi eyodwa ayilinciphisi kahle. Izingxube zegesi zisetshenziselwa ukuthola "okungcono kakhulu kuzo zombili izindawo."

I-Argon-Helium (Ar/He):Ihlanganisa ukuvikela okuhle kakhulu kwe-Argon nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokunciphisa i-Helium nge-plasma. Ilungele ukushintshwa okujulile kwe-aluminium.

I-Argon-Hydrogen (Ar/H₂):Inani elincane le-hydrogen (1-5%) lingasebenza “njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa” ensimbini engagqwali, likhiphe umoya-mpilo olahlekile ukuze likhiqize ubuhlalu be-weld obucwebezelayo nobuhlanzekile.

I-CO₂ vs.I-Fiber: Ukukhetha i-Laser Efanele

Ama-CO₂ Lasers:Zisengozini enkulu yokwakheka kwe-plasma. Yingakho i-Helium ebiza kakhulu ivame kakhulu kwi-CO enamandla amakhulu₂ izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ama-Fiber Laser:Azivamile ukuba nezinkinga ze-plasma. Le nzuzo emangalisayo ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amagesi angabizi kakhulu njenge-Argon ne-Nitrogen emisebenzini eminingi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle.

Iphuzu Elibalulekile

Ukukhetha igesi yokusiza ukushisela nge-laser kuyipharamitha yenqubo ebalulekile, hhayi ukucabanga kamuva. Ngokuqonda imisebenzi eyinhloko yokuvikela, ukuvikela i-optics yakho, kanye nokulawula i-plasma, ungenza ukukhetha okunolwazi. Njalo fanisa igesi nezinto ezidingekayo kanye nezidingo ezithile zesicelo sakho.

Ukulungele ukwenza ngcono inqubo yakho yokushisela nge-laser nokususa amaphutha ahlobene negesi? Buyekeza ukukhetha kwakho kwamanje kwegesi ngokuqhathanisa nalezi ziqondiso bese ubona ukuthi ushintsho olulula lungaholela yini ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle.