I-Laser Welding: Ungakhetha Kanjani Igesi Lakho Lokuvikela

Ukukhetha igesi yokusiza nge-laser welding elungile kungenye yezinqumo ezibucayi kakhulu ozozenza, nokho ngokuvamile ayiqondwa kahle. Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani i-laser weld ebonakala iphelele yehluleka ngaphansi kwengcindezi? Impendulo ingase ibe semoyeni… noma kunalokho, kugesi othize owusebenzisile ukuvikela ukushisela.

Le gesi, ebizwa nangokuthi igesi evikelayo yokushisela nge-laser, ayisona nje isengezo esingakhethwa; kuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo. Lenza imisebenzi emithathu okungaxoxiswana ngayo enquma ngokuqondile ikhwalithi, amandla, nokubukeka komkhiqizo wakho wokugcina.

Ivikela i-Weld:Igesi yokusiza idala ibhamuza elivikelayo elizungeze insimbi encibilikisiwe, liyivikele kumagesi omkhathi njengomoya-mpilo ne-nitrogen. Ngaphandle kwalesi sihlangu, uthola ukukhubazeka okuyinhlekelele njenge-oxidation (i-weld ebuthakathaka, enemibala) kanye ne-porosity (amabhamuza amancane abeka amandla engozini).

Iqinisekisa Amandla Aphelele E-Laser:Njengoba i-laser ishaya insimbi, ingakha “ifu le-plasma.” Leli fu lingavimba futhi lisabalalise amandla e-laser, okuholela ekushiseleleni okungashoni, okubuthakathaka. Igesi elungile iphephetha le plasma, iqinisekisa ukuthi amandla aphelele e-laser yakho afinyelela ucezu lokusebenza.

Ivikela Isisetshenziswa Sakho:Umfudlana wegesi futhi uvimbela umhwamuko wensimbi kanye nesiphalazo ekundizeni phezulu futhi sonakalise ilensi yokugxila ebizayo ekhanda lakho le-laser, ikusindise esikhathini esimba eqolo nasekulungiseni.

Ukukhetha I-Shielding Gas Ye-Laser Welding: Abaqhudelana Nabo Abayinhloko

Ukukhetha kwakho igesi kubilisa abadlali abathathu abakhulu: i-Argon, iNitrogen, ne-Helium. Bacabange njengochwepheshe abahlukene ongabaqasha ukuze uthole umsebenzi. Ngayinye inamandla ahlukile, ubuthakathaka, kanye nezimo ezifanele zokusebenzisa.

I-Argon (Ar): I-All-rounder Ethembekile

I-Argon ihhashi lomsebenzi wezwe lokushisela. Igesi engasebenzi, okusho ukuthi ngeke isabele ngechibi lokushisela elincibilikisiwe. Futhi inzima kunomoya, ngakho ihlinzeka ngokuvikela okuhle kakhulu, okuzinzile ngaphandle kokudinga amazinga okugeleza aphezulu kakhulu.

Okungcono kakhulu:Ibanga elikhulu lezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ezifaka i-aluminium, insimbi engagqwali, nezinsimbi ikakhulukazi ezisebenzayo njenge-titanium. I-Argon laser welding iyindlela eya kuma-fiber lasers ngoba iletha ukushisela okuhlanzekile, okukhanyayo, nokushelelayo.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile:Inamandla aphansi e-ionization. Ngama-laser e-CO₂ anamandla aphezulu, angaba nomthelela ekwakhekeni kwe-plasma, kodwa ezinhlelweni eziningi zesimanje ze-fiber laser, ukukhetha okuphelele.

I-nitrogen (N₂): Umsebenzi Ongabiza kakhulu

I-nitrogen iyindlela evumelana nesabelomali, kodwa ungavumeli intengo ephansi ikukhohlise. Ekusetshenzisweni okufanele, akusona nje isihlangu; ungumhlanganyeli osebenzayo ongathuthukisa ukushisela.

Okungcono kakhulu:Amabanga athile ensimbi engagqwali. Ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen ye-laser welding steel stainless steel kungasebenza njenge-alloying ejenti, kusimamise ukwakheka kwensimbi ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla emishini nokumelana nokugqwala.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile:I-nitrogen iyigesi esebenzayo. Ukuyisebenzisa ezintweni ezingalungile, njenge-titanium noma ezinye izinsimbi ze-carbon, kuyindlela yokwenza inhlekelele. Izosabela ngensimbi futhi ibangele i-embrittlement enzima, okuholela ekushiseni okungahle kuqhekeke futhi kuhluleke.

I-Helium (He): Ingcweti Yokusebenza Okuphezulu

I-Helium iyinkanyezi ebizayo. Ine-thermal conductivity ephezulu kakhulu kanye namandla e-ionization aphezulu kakhulu, okuyenza ibe iqhawe elingenakuphikiswa lokucindezelwa kwe-plasma.

Okungcono kakhulu:I-welding yokungena ejulile ezintweni eziwugqinsi noma ezisebenza kakhulu njenge-aluminium nethusi. Futhi ukukhetha okuphezulu kwama-laser e-CO₂ anamandla aphezulu, asengozini enkulu yokwakheka kwe-plasma.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile:Izindleko. I-Helium iyabiza, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ilula kakhulu, udinga amazinga okugeleza aphezulu ukuze uthole isivikelo esanele, okuqhubeka nokwandisa izindleko zokusebenza.

Ukuqhathanisa Igesi Yereferensi Esheshayo

Ukukhethwa Kwegesi Ye-Laser Welding Esebenzayo: Ukufanisa Igesi Nensimbi

Ithiyori muhle, kodwa uyisebenzisa kanjani? Nansi inkomba eqondile yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Welding Stainless Steel

Unezinketho ezimbili ezinhle kakhulu lapha. Ezinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic neziduplex, i-Nitrogen noma i-Nitrogen-Argon blend ngokuvamile iyona ekhethwa kakhulu. Ithuthukisa i-microstructure futhi ikhuphule amandla e-weld. Uma okubalulekile kwakho kuwukuqeda okuhlanzeke ngokuphelele, okukhanyayo okungenakho ukusebenzisana kwamakhemikhali, i-Argon emsulwa iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo.

I-Aluminium yokushisela

I-Aluminium iyakhohlisa ngoba iqeda ukushisa ngokushesha okukhulu. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, i-Argon ehlanzekile iyisinqumo esijwayelekile ngenxa yokuvikela kwayo okuhle. Kodwa-ke, uma ushisela izingxenye ezijiyile (ngaphezulu kuka-3-4 mm), ingxube ye-Argon-Helium ishintsha umdlalo. I-helium ihlinzeka ngesibhakela esishisayo esingeziwe esidingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukungena okujulile, okungaguquki.

Welding Titanium

Kunomthetho owodwa kuphela wokushisela i-titanium: sebenzisa i-Argon ehlanzekile kakhulu. Ungalokothi, usebenzise iNitrojeni nanoma iyiphi ingxube yegesi equkethe amagesi asebenzayo. I-nitrogen izosabela nge-titanium, idale i-titanium nitrides eyenza i-weld ibe brittle ngendlela emangalisayo futhi ihloselwe ukwehluleka. Ukuvikela okuphelele okunegesi elandelanayo nesekelayo nakho kuyisibopho ukuvikela insimbi epholisayo kunoma yikuphi ukuthintana nomoya.

Ithiphu Lochwepheshe:Abantu bavame ukuzama ukonga imali ngokwehlisa izinga lokugeleza kwegesi, kodwa leli iphutha lakudala. Izindleko zokushisela okukodwa okuhlulekile ngenxa ye-oxidation zidlula kude izindleko zokusebenzisa inani elifanele legesi yokuvikela. Njalo qala ngesilinganiso sokugeleza esinconyiwe sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza futhi ulungise ukusuka lapho.

Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezivamile Ze-Laser Welding

Uma ubona izinkinga kumashisela akho, igesi yakho yokusiza ingenye yezinto zokuqala okufanele uziphenye.

I-Oxidation & Ukushintsha umbala:Lolu uphawu olusobala kakhulu lokungavikeleki kahle. Igesi yakho ayivikeli i-weld emoyeni. Ukulungiswa kuvame ukukhuphula izinga lokugeleza kwegesi yakho noma ukuhlola umlomo wakho nesistimu yokulethwa kwegesi ukuthi ivuza yini noma ivimbekile.

I-Porosity (Amabhamuza Egesi):Lesi sici sinciphisa i-weld kusuka ngaphakathi. Kungabangelwa izinga lokugeleza eliphansi kakhulu (okungavikeleki okwanele) noma eliphakeme kakhulu, elingadala isiyaluyalu futhi lidonsele umoya endaweni yokushisela.

Ukungena Okungahambisani:Uma ukujula kwakho kwe-weld kukuyo yonke indawo, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene ne-plasma evimba i-laser. Lokhu kuvamile nge-CO₂ ama-laser. Isixazululo ukushintshela kugesi enokucindezela okungcono kwe-plasma, njenge-Helium noma ingxube ye-Helium-Argon.

Izihloko Ezithuthukile: Izingxube Zegesi Nezinhlobo Ze-Laser

Amandla Ezixube Zamasu

Ngezinye izikhathi, igesi elilodwa aliyinqamuli. Izingxube zegesi zisetshenziselwa ukuthola “okungcono kakhulu kwemihlaba yomibili.”

I-Argon-Helium (Ar/He):Ihlanganisa ukuvikela okuhle kakhulu kwe-Argon nokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezelwa kwe-plasma kwe-Helium. Ilungele ama-welds ajulile ku-aluminium.

I-Argon-Hydrogen (Ar/H₂):Inani elincane le-hydrogen (1-5%) lingasebenza "njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa" kunsimbi engagqwali, likhiphe umoya-mpilo olahlekile ukuze likhiqize ubuhlalu obushisela obukhanya nakakhulu, obuhlanzekile.

I-CO₂ vs.I-Fiber: Ukukhetha i-Laser Elungile

I-CO₂ Lasers:Basengozini enkulu ekwakhekeni kwe-plasma. Yingakho i-Helium ebizayo ivame kakhulu ku-CO yamandla aphezulu₂ izicelo.

I-Fiber Lasers:Abajwayelene kakhulu nezinkinga ze-plasma. Le nzuzo enhle ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amagesi angabizi kakhulu njenge-Argon ne-Nitrogen emisebenzini eminingi ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza.

Umugqa Ophansi

Ukukhetha igesi yokusiza i-laser welding kuyipharamitha yenqubo ebalulekile, hhayi into ecatshangwayo. Ngokuqonda imisebenzi eyinhloko yokuvikela, ukuvikela amehlo akho, nokulawula i-plasma, ungenza ukukhetha unolwazi. Hlala uqondanisa igesi nokokusebenza kanye nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.

Ingabe usukulungele ukwenza kahle inqubo yakho yokushisela i-laser futhi ususe ukukhubazeka okuhlobene negesi? Buyekeza ukukhetha kwakho kwegesi kwamanje ngokumelene nale mihlahlandlela futhi ubone ukuthi ushintsho olulula lungaholela yini ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle.