Embonini yesimanje, ukukhethwa kwenqubo yokusika efanele kuyisinqumo esibalulekile esithinta isivinini sokukhiqiza, izindleko zokusebenza, kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina yengxenye. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuqhathanisa okusekelwe kudatha kobuchwepheshe obubili obuvelele: ukusika nge-laser ye-fiber enamandla amakhulu kanye nokusika nge-waterjet ebukhali.
Ihlaziya izilinganiso zokusebenza ezibalulekile okuhlanganisa ukuhambisana kwezinto, i-Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ), isivinini sokucubungula, ukubekezelelana kobukhulu, kanye nezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi. Ukuhlaziywa kuphetha ngokuthi yize ubuchwepheshe be-waterjet busabalulekile ekuguquguqukeni kwezinto kanye nenqubo "yokusika okubandayo", intuthuko kuma-fiber lasers anamandla aphezulu iwabeke njengendinganiso yokukhiqiza okusheshayo nokunembile kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto nobukhulu obukhulayo.
Izimiso Eziqondisayo Zokukhetha Inqubo
Ukukhethwa kwenqubo yokusika kuncike ekushintsheni phakathi kwamandla okushisa e-laser namandla omshini we-waterjet.
Ukusika nge-Laser:Le nqubo iboniswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho isivinini esikhulu, ukunemba okuyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokusebenza kahle okuzenzakalelayo kuyizidingo eziyinhloko. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ezinsimbini ezifana nensimbi ne-aluminium, kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezifana nama-acrylic, ngokuvamile ngobukhulu obungaphansi kwama-25mm (1 intshi). Ubuchwepheshe be-laser ye-fiber enamandla aphezulu buyisisekelo sokukhiqiza okuphezulu, okungabizi kakhulu ngo-2025.
Ukusika i-Waterjet:Le nqubo iyisisombululo esithandwayo sezinto eziwugqinsi kakhulu (ngaphezu kwama-intshi angu-50 noma ama-intshi amabili) noma sezinto lapho noma yikuphi ukufakwa kokushisa kungavunyelwe khona. Izinto ezinjalo zifaka phakathi ama-alloy athile abalulekile ezindiza, izinhlanganisela, kanye namatshe, lapho uhlobo "lokusika okubandayo" lwenqubo luyimfuneko yobunjiniyela ephoqelekile.
Ukuqhathanisa Kobuchwepheshe
Umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni phakathi kwalezi zobuchwepheshe ezimbili ubangelwa imithombo yazo yamandla.
Ukuqhathaniswa Okubanzi Kobuchwepheshe Be-Fiber Laser Nokusika Amanzi Oku-Abrasive
| Isici | Ukusika Ijethi Yamanzi Ehlubulayo | |
| Inqubo Eyinhloko | Ukushisa (Amandla e-Photon Agxilisiwe) | Okwenziwa ngomshini (Ukuguguleka kwe-Supersonic) |
| Ukuhambisana kwezinto ezibonakalayo | Kuhle kakhulu ngezinsimbi, Kuhle kakhulu nge-Organic | Okuseduze Nomhlaba Wonke (Izinsimbi, Amatshe, Izinhlanganisela, njll.) |
| Izinto Okufanele Uzigweme | I-PVC, i-Polycarbonate, i-Fiberglass | Ingilazi Ethambile, Izitsha Zobumba Ezithile Ezithambile |
| Isivinini (insimbi engagqwali eyi-1mm ubukhulu) | Okungavamile (Amasentimitha angu-1000-3000 ngomzuzu) | Kancane kancane(1)0-100amasentimitha ngomzuzu) |
| Ububanzi beKerf | Kuhle Kakhulu (≈0.1mm/ 0.004″) | Banzi (≈0.75mm/ 0.03″) |
| Ukubekezelelana | Okuqinile (± 0.05mm/ ± 0.002″) | Kuhle kakhulu (± 0.13mm/ ± 0.005″) |
| Indawo Ethintekile Ekushiseni | Yamanje futhi iphatheka kalula | Akukho |
| I-Edge Taper | Okuncane kuya Kokungekho | Okwamanje, ngokuvamile kudinga isinxephezelo se-5-axis |
| Ukuqeda Kwesibili | Kungadinga ukususwa kwe-burner | Ngokuvamile kuqeda ukuqeda kwesibili |
| Ukugxila Kokulungisa | I-Optics, i-Resonator, Ukulethwa Kwegesi | Iphampu Yokucindezela Okuphezulu, Izivalo, Ama-Orifice |
Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile
Amandla Okwenza Izinto Nokujiyas
Amandla ayinhloko okusika i-waterjet yikhono layo lokucubungula cishe noma iyiphi into, inzuzo enkulu yezitolo zemisebenzi okumele zivumelane nezindawo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ku-granite kuya ku-titanium kuya ku-foam.
Kodwa-ke, iningi lezicelo zezimboni ligxile ezinsimbini nasepulasitikini, lapho ubuchwepheshe be-laser besimanje bunamandla amakhulu. Izinhlelo ze-laser ze-fibre zenzelwe ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ensimbini, ensimbini engagqwali, e-aluminium, ethusi, nasethusini. Uma zihlanganiswa ngama-laser e-CO₂, lapho ubude bawo obude be-infrared bumuncwa kangcono izinto eziphilayo njengokhuni ne-acrylic, ukuhamba komsebenzi okusekelwe ku-laser kuhlanganisa uhla olukhulu lwezidingo zokukhiqiza ngesivinini esiphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo ye-laser ihlanzekile futhi yomile, ayikhiqizi udaka olukhuhlayo oludinga ukuphathwa nokulahlwa okubizayo.
Ukunemba, Ukuqeda Umngcele, kanye Nokuphatha Ukungapheleli
Uma kuhlolwa ukunemba kanye nokuphela komphetho, zombili lezi zobuchwepheshe zinezinzuzo ezihlukile futhi zidinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile.
Amandla ayinhloko e-laser ukunemba kwayo okumangalisayo. I-kerf yayo encane kakhulu kanye nokunemba okuphezulu kwendawo kuvumela ukudalwa kwamaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi, amakhona abukhali, kanye nezimpawu ezinemininingwane okunzima ukuzifeza ngezinye izindlela. Nokho, le nqubo idala i-Heat-Affected Zone encane (HAZ)—umngcele omncane lapho izinto zishintshwa khona amandla okushisa. Eziningi zezingxenye ezikhiqizwe, le ndawo incane kakhulu futhi ayinawo umphumela ekuqineni kwesakhiwo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inqubo “yokusika okubandayo” ye-waterjet iyinzuzo yayo eyinhloko, njengoba ishiya isakhiwo sezinto singashintshiwe ngokuphelele ukushisa. Lokhu kususa ngokuphelele ukukhathazeka nge-HAZ. Ukushintshana kungenzeka kube “ne-taper” encane, noma i-engeli enobunjwa obungu-V, onqenqemeni olusikiwe, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezijiyile. Lokhu kungapheleli komshini kungaphathwa, kodwa kuvame ukudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokusika eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nezibizayo ze-5-axis ukuqinisekisa unqenqema oluqondile ngokuphelele.
Isivinini kanye Nesikhathi Somjikelezo
Umehluko oyinhloko wokusebenza phakathi kobuchwepheshe be-laser kanye ne-waterjet yijubane lenqubo kanye nomthelela walo esikhathini sokujikeleza okuphelele. Ngezinsimbi zeshidi ezincane, i-laser yefayibha enamandla aphezulu ifinyelela isivinini sokusika esiphindwe kayi-10 kuya ku-20 kunese-waterjet. Le nzuzo ihlanganiswa yi-kinematics ephakeme yezinhlelo ze-laser, ezibonisa ukusheshisa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-gantry kanye nesivinini sokuhamba phakathi kokusika. Izindlela ezithuthukisiwe njengokubhoboza "on-the-fly" zinciphisa kakhulu izikhathi ezingasebenzi kahle. Umphumela ohlanganisiwe uwukunciphisa okukhulu kwesikhathi esidingekayo ukucubungula izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlanganisiwe, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okuphezulu kanye nezilinganiso zezindleko ngengxenye ezilungiselelwe.
Izindleko Eziphelele Zobunikazi (i-CAPEX, i-OPEX kanye nokugcinwa)
Nakuba uhlelo lwe-waterjet lungase lube nezindleko zokuqala eziphansi (i-CAPEX), ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko okujulile kumele kugxile ezindlekweni zokusebenza zesikhathi eside (i-OPEX). Izindleko zokusebenza ezinkulu kakhulu ze-waterjet ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-garnet ehlubulayo. Lezi zindleko eziphindaphindayo, ezihambisana nesidingo sikagesi esiphezulu sephampu yokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokugcinwa okuphawulekayo kwama-nozzle, izivalo, kanye nezimbobo, ziqoqana ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaphambi kokucabangela ukuhlanza nokulahla udaka oluhlubulayo oludinga umsebenzi omningi.
I-laser yesimanje yefayibha, ngokuphambene nalokho, isebenza kahle kakhulu. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko ugesi futhi zisiza igesi. Njengoba izindleko zokusebenza zansuku zonke ziphansi kanye nokulungiswa okubikezelwayo, indawo yokusebenza iyonke ihlanzekile, ithule, futhi iphephile.
Ingxoxo Ngezinhlelo Zokusebenza Ezithuthukisiwe Nezindlela Zokusebenza
Emisebenzini ekhethekile kakhulu, lobu buchwepheshe bungahambisana. Umenzi angasebenzisa i-waterjet ukusika ibhulokhi elijiyile le-Inconel (ukugwema ukucindezeleka kokushisa), bese edlulisela ingxenye ku-laser ukuze kuqedwe ngokunemba okuphezulu, kudalwe izici, kanye nokuqoshwa kwezinombolo zezingxenye. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umgomo wokugcina ekukhiqizeni okuyinkimbinkimbi ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elifanele lomsebenzi ngamunye othize.
Ukufika kwama-laser e-fiber anamandla amakhulu kushintshe kakhulu isimo sendawo. Lezi zinhlelo manje sezingakwazi ukubhekana nezinto ezijiyile ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nekhwalithi, zinikeza enye indlela esheshayo nengabizi kakhulu kune-waterjets esezingeni lezinsimbi eziningi—indawo eyayisetshenziswa kuphela ama-waterjets.
Ukuze kwenziwe i-prototyping esheshayo ehlanganisa insimbi, ipulasitiki, noma ukhuni, ijubane le-laser liyinzuzo ehlukile. Ikhono lokuphindaphinda ngokusebenzisa ukuhlukahluka okuningi komklamo ntambama eyodwa lenza umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ube ngokushesha futhi usheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucatshangelwa okusebenzayo kwendawo yokusebenza kubalulekile. Ukusika nge-laser kuyinqubo evikelwe, ethule ngokukhipha intuthu ehlanganisiwe, kanti ukusika i-waterjet kuyinqubo enomsindo kakhulu evame ukudinga igumbi elihlukanisiwe futhi ihilela ukuphathwa okungcolile kwamanzi kanye nodaka oluhlaselayo.
Isiphetho
Nakuba ukusika i-waterjet kusalokhu kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lesethi ethile yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezichazwa ukuzwela kwezinto noma ukujiya okukhulu, indlela yokukhiqiza yesimanje ikhomba ngokusobala ijubane, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokunemba kobuchwepheshe be-laser. Intuthuko eqhubekayo emandleni e-fiber laser, izinhlelo zokulawula, kanye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela yandisa amakhono ayo minyaka yonke.
Ukuhlaziywa kwesivinini, izindleko zokusebenza, kanye nokunemba kubonisa ukuthi iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusika zezimboni ezisebenzisa umthamo omkhulu, ubuchwepheshe be-laser sebuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Kumabhizinisi ahlose ukukhulisa umkhiqizo, ukunciphisa izindleko ngengxenye, nokusebenza endaweni ehlanzekile nezenzakalelayo, uhlelo lwesimanje lokusika i-laser lumelela ukutshalwa kwezimali okunesu lekusasa elincintisanayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-30-2025
