Esikhathini sobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, izinqubo zezimboni sezisebenza kahle futhi zinembile. Enye intuthuko enjalo ukusetshenziswa kwamarobhothi okushisela nge-laser emisebenzini yokukhiqiza. Lawa marobhothi ahlinzeka ngama-weld asezingeni eliphezulu futhi anembile, okuqinisekisa ukuqina nokuthembeka komkhiqizo wokugcina. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokushisela ehambisanayo nethembekile, izindlela eziningi kumele zisetshenziswe ukuhlola ikhwalithi yokushisela yamarobhothi okushisela nge-laser. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola ikhwalithi yama-weld erobhothi lokushisela nge-laser.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwethula lezi zindlela, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi imingcele yokushisela yeirobhothi lokushisela nge-laserkudingeka kulungiswe ngokwekhwalithi yangempela yokushisela. Lokhu kulungiswa kuqinisekisa ukuthi irobhothi liletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kokushisela ngobuningi. Kugxilwe ekulinganiseni nasekulungiseni umshini ukuze kufezwe njalo ikhwalithi yokushisela oyifunayo.
Enye yezindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlola ikhwalithi yokushisela yamarobhothi okushisela nge-laser ukutholwa kwamaphutha nge-radiographic. Le ndlela ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe ye-X- kanye ne-Y ukuthumela imisebe nge-weld. Amaphutha akhona ngaphakathi kwe-weld abe esevezwa kufilimu ye-radiographic, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi abone noma yiziphi iziphambeko. Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela, ikhwalithi ye-weld ingahlolwa ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho iziphambeko ezifihliwe ezingabeka engcupheni ubuqotho be-weld.
Ngaphezu kokuthola amaphutha e-x-ray, enye indlela yokuhlola ikhwalithi yokushiselaamarobhothi okushisela nge-laserukutholwa kwamaphutha e-ultrasonic. Le ndlela isebenzisa ukudlidliza okushukunyiswayo okukhiqizwa ukuvusa ugesi okusheshayo. I-ejenti yokuxhuma isetshenziswa ebusweni be-weld ukwenza amaza e-ultrasonic akheke ensimbini. Lapho la maza ehlangana namaphutha, akhipha izimpawu ezibonakalayo ezingahlaziywa ukuze kutholakale noma yimaphi amaphutha akhona ku-weld. Le ndlela ilandela izimiso ezifanayo nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ezikhungweni zezokwelapha, ukuqinisekisa imiphumela ethembekile nenembile.
Ukutholwa kwamaphutha kazibuthe nakho kuyindlela ewusizo yokuhlola ikhwalithi yokushiselaamarobhothi okushisela nge-laser. Le ndlela ihilela ukufaka i-magnetic powder ebusweni be-weld. Uma kukhona amaphutha, izinto ezisebenza ngomagnetic ziyasabela, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwamasimu okuvuza. Ngokuhlaziya insimu yamagnetic, umqhubi anganquma ukuthi kukhona yini i-weld defect. Le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu ekuboneni amaphutha ebusweni nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-weld ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezidingekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zindlela ezintathu ezivame ukusetshenziswa, kunezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa ukuhlola ikhwalithi yokushiselaamarobhothi okushisela nge-laserLokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kokungena koketshezi kanye nokuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-eddy. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kuhilela ukuhlolwa okujulile kwe-weld ngeso lenyama noma ngosizo lwethuluzi lokukhulisa. Ukuhlolwa kokungena koketshezi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusebenzisa i-liquid penetrant ukungena emaphutheni aphezulu, okwenza abonakale ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-Eddy kusebenzisa ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukuhlonza amaphutha aphezulu nangaphansi komhlaba ngokulinganisa izinguquko ekuqhutshweni kwamandla kagesi.
Zonke lezi zindlela zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yokushisela yamarobhothi okushisela nge-laser. Ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, abakhiqizi bangabona ngokuqhubekayo noma yimaphi amaphutha noma amaphutha okushisela futhi bathathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuwalungisa. Lokhu kuholela ekhwalithini ephezulu yomkhiqizo kanye nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.
Ngamafuphi, ukuhlola ikhwalithi yokushisela ye-irobhothi lokushisela nge-laserKubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuqina komkhiqizo wokugcina. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-x-ray, i-ultrasonic kanye ne-magnetic zinganikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngekhwalithi ye-weld. Abakhiqizi kufanele bafake lezi zindlela ezinqubweni zabo zokulawula ikhwalithi ukuze balondoloze amazinga aphezulu ekhwalithi ye-weld. Ngokwenza kanjalo, bangaletha imikhiqizo ehlangabezana noma edlula okulindelwe ngamakhasimende futhi bakhe idumela lokugqwesa embonini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-31-2023
