Ukuhlanza i-laser kuyindlela yesimanje yokuhlanza izindawo. Lobu buchwepheshe obumangalisayo busebenzisa imishayo ye-laser enamandla ukususa ukungcola, upende omdala, nokugqwala ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ngendlela elawulwa kakhulu nenembayo. I-laser ishaya into engadingeki. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukungcola noma okokunamathela kuphenduka kube umhwamuko noma kuqhekeze kude ngoba i-laser iyenza ishise futhi inwebe ngokushesha. Ukuhlanza i-laser kungcono endaweni ezungezile kunezindlela zakudala zokuhlanza. Lobu buchwepheshe bungahlanza izinto ngqo ngaphandle kokulimaza okungaphansi.
Izimboni eziningi ezahlukene manje zisebenzisa ukuhlanza nge-laser ukwenza umsebenzi wazo. Izinkampani ezenza izindiza, izimoto, izinto zikagesi, ngisho nabantu abalungisa izinto zomlando zakudala bathole ukuthi amalaser alungele ukuhlanzwa. Indlela isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni imishini yokwenza amathayi. Izisebenzi futhi ziyisebenzisela ukukhumula upende ezindizeni futhi zihlanze ngokucophelela izingcezu zemnyuziyamu ezindala ezidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Ngaphambi kokuhlanza nge-laser, abantu basebenzisa ezinye izindlela ezimbalwa zokuhlanza izinto:
1.I-sandblasting idubula izingcezu zesihlabathi ngesivinini esikhulu ukuze kuhlanzeke izindawo. Nakuba le ndlela isebenza kahle, ingaklwebha izinto futhi idale uthuli olubi ukuphefumula.
2.Ukuhlanza ngamakhemikhali kusebenzisa uketshezi olukhethekile ukudiliza ukungcola. Lawa makhemikhali angalimaza imvelo futhi ngezinye izikhathi alimaze izinto ezihlanzwayo.
3.Ukuhlanza nge-Ultrasonic kudala amabhamuza amancane kusetshenziswa amaza omsindo ongawezwa. Le ndlela emnene isebenza kahle ezintweni ezincane, ezithambile kodwa ayisebenzi ekuhlanzeni izinto ezinkulu.
4.Ukuhlanza iqhwa okomile kusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile ukudubula isikhutha esiqandisiwe ezindaweni ezingcolile. Le ndlela ayishiyi siphithiphithi, kodwa ukusebenzisa imishini kubiza imali eningi.
Ukuhlanza i-laser kunezinzuzo eziningi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuhlanza. Lezi zici eziwusizo zikwenza kugqame njengenketho engcono emisebenzini eminingi yokuhlanza:
Ukusebenzisa ama-laser akusho ukuthi akukho okuthinta indawo ehlanzwayo. Ukukhanya kwe-laser kususa ukungcola namajazi amadala ngaphandle kokuklwebheka noma ukulimaza okungaphansi, kukwenze kuphelele ekuhlanzeni izinto ezibalulekile. Le ndlela ayisebenzisi noma yimaphi amakhemikhali ayingozi. Njengoba kungekho mfucumfucu oyingozi odalwayo, ukuhlanza nge-laser kusiza ukuvikela indawo yethu.
Ama-Lasers angahlanza izindawo ezithile ngokunemba okukhulu. Inqubo yokuhlanza yonga imali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngoba isebenzisa izinto ezincane futhi idinga abasebenzi abambalwa ukuze yenze umsebenzi.
Zisebenza kanjani izihlanzi ze-laser? Uma ukukhanya kwe-laser kushaya ukungcola noma ukugqwala, okokusebenza okungafunwa kucwilisa amandla e-laser. Lokhu kwenza ukungcola kuhlukane phakathi, kuphenduke umhwamuko, noma kushe kuphele. Abantu abasebenzisa i-laser bangalungisa ukuthi iqine kangakanani nokuthi igijima isikhathi esingakanani ukuze bathole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlanza ngama-laser:
1.Indlela yokuqala isebenzisa i-laser ngokwayo. Ukuqhuma okusheshayo kokukhanya kwe-laser kushaya indawo engcolile, okwenza ukungcola kufudumale kuphume noma kuqhaqhazele ngenxa yokudlidliza okuncane. Le ndlela isebenza kahle emisebenzini yokuhlanza enzima.
2.Indlela yesibili iqala ngokubeka ungqimba oluncane loketshezi ngaphezulu. Lapho i-laser ishaya le ngxube emanzi, ishintsha uketshezi lube umhwamuko ngokushesha kangangokuthi idale ukuqhuma okuncane. Lokhu kuqhuma okuncane kusiza ukususa ukungcola ngaphandle kokulimaza izindawo ezithambile ezingase zilimale ukukhanya kwe-laser okuqondile.
· I-Computer Chip kanye ne-Electronics Industry Ukwenza ama-computer chips kudinga izimo ezihlanzeke kakhulu. Ichashaza elincane lokungcola lingonakalisa lezi zingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezintekenteke, ngakho abakhiqizi basebenzisa ukuhlanza nge-laser ukuze basuse izinhlayiya ezincane ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina umugqa wokukhiqiza usebenza kahle. Amathuluzi akhethekile afana namalaser aqinisekisa ukuthi yonke indawo ihlanzeke ngokuphelele, okusiza ama-chips ukuthi ahlale isikhathi eside.
· I-Metal Treatment Lasers ilungele ukuhlanza insimbi. Ngaphambi kokuba abadwebi noma abashiseli bakwazi ukusebenza endaweni eyinsimbi, badinga ukususa ukugqwala, ukungcola, nezindwangu ezindala besebenzisa imishayo ye-laser enamandla ekhumula izinto ezingafuneki ngaphandle kokulimaza insimbi engaphansi. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni izindiza, izimoto, nemikhumbi, lapho ukuba nezindawo ezihlanzekile kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni nakwikhwalithi.
· Izindiza Nezimboni Zezimoto Izindiza zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile lapho zihlanzwa. Ukuhlanza i-laser kusiza izisebenzi zisuse ngokuphepha upende omdala nokungcola ezingxenyeni zendiza ngaphandle kokwenza buthakathaka insimbi, okungaba yingozi uma kwenziwa kabi. Imboni yezimoto iphinde isebenzise amalaser ukuhlanza isikhunta samasondo, ukwenza amashisela angcono, futhi kususe ukungcola ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zenjini ngendlela esheshayo nephephile.
· Ukulondolozwa Kobuciko Nomlando Umsebenzi wobuciko omdala udinga ukuhlanzwa kahle ukuze uhlale usesimweni esihle. Izisebenzi zasemnyuziyamu zisebenzisa amalaser ukuze zisuse ngokucophelela ukungcola nomonakalo ohlobene neminyaka emifanekisweni emidala nemidwebo ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukulimala kwalezi zinto eziyigugu. Le ndlela yokuhlanza ngokucophelela isize ukusindisa imisebenzi yobuciko eminingi endala okungenzeka ukuthi yonakaliswe izindlela zokuhlanza ezinzima.
· Amafekthri Omsebenzi Wasefekthri asebenzisa ukuhlanza nge-laser ukugcina imishini yabo isebenza kahle. Le ndlela yokuhlanza yesimanje isiza ukususa amafutha nokungcola ngokushesha, okusho ukuthi imishini akudingekile ukuthi ihlale icishiwe isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokuhlanza. Izisebenzi zingakwazi ukuhlanza izingxenye ngendlela ephumelela ngokwengeziwe ngamalaser, zisize imishini isebenze kangcono futhi ihlale isikhathi eside.
I-Laser Cleaning Technology: Izinzuzo
Ukuhlanza i-laser kushintsha indlela esihlanza ngayo izinto ezimbonini eziningi ezahlukene namuhla. Isebenzisa imisebe yokukhanya enamandla ukuze isuse ukungcola, ukugqwala, nezinye izinto ezingafuneki endaweni. Le ndlela entsha yokuhlanza isiza ukuvikela indawo esizungezile ngokungadali udoti oyingozi. Ubuchwepheshe busebenza ngokukhomba ngokucophelela ukungcola kuphela kuyilapho ushiya indawo ngaphansi iphephe ngokuphelele.
Izinkampani zingonga imali ngokuhlanza i-laser ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukufaka okokusebenza kubiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa amabhizinisi ngeke adinge ukuqhubeka nokuthenga amakhemikhali okuhlanza noma izinto zokusebenza ngemva kwalokho. Izisebenzi zihlala ziphephile uma zisebenzisa ukuhlanza nge-laser esikhundleni samakhemikhali anokhahlo. Ubuchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ezintweni eziningi ezahlukene nasezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekuhlanzeni imishini yefekthri esindayo kuya ekubuyiseleni ubuciko obudala.
Izinselele Ukuqalisa ngokuhlanza nge-laser kungaba nzima. Imishini iyabiza, okwenza kube nzima ezinkampanini ezincane ukuyithenga. Ezinye izinto azisebenzi kahle ngamalaser, futhi izinkampani kudingeka ziwahlole kuqala. Abasebenzi badinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ukuze basebenzise imishini ngendlela efanele. Ukuhlanza i-laser nakho kungathatha isikhathi eside kunezindlela zokuhlanza ezijwayelekile lapho usebenza kumaphrojekthi amakhulu.
Ukubheka Phambili Izinkampani eziningi zifuna izindlela ezihlanzekile neziluhlaza zokusebenza. Amasistimu okuhlanza ama-laser angcono athuthukiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuthuthukiswa okusha kuzokwenza ubuchwepheshe busheshe futhi bushibhe ukubusebenzisa. Lezi zinhlelo zingase zisetshenziswe maduze ezindaweni eziningi, njengokuhlanza izinto zezokwelapha noma ukwenza izingxenye ezincane ze-elekthronikhi.
Ukugoqa ukuhlanza i-Laser kunikeza indlela entsha nengcono yokuhlanza izinto. Lobu buchwepheshe bunikeza izinkampani ukulawula okwengeziwe futhi busiza ukuvikela imvelo ngesikhathi esifanayo. Yize kunezinkinga ezithile okufanele zixazululwe, ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser kuyaqhubeka kuba ngcono. Ubuchwepheshe buzovame kakhulu njengoba amabhizinisi amaningi efunda ngezinzuzo zabo.
Izinkampani kufanele zifunde ngokuhlanza i-laser ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuyisebenzisa. Njengoba izimboni eziningi zidinga izindlela zokuhlanza ezinembile nezilungele umhlaba, lobu buchwepheshe buzobaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhlanza i-laser kuzoqhubeka nokwenza ngcono futhi kutholakale ukusetshenziswa okusha ezimbonini ezahlukene. Le ntuthuko izosiza ekulolongeni indlela esihlanza ngayo izinto esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuhlanza i-laser kuyindlela ewusizo yokusebenzisa ama-lasers kubunjiniyela. Le ndlela ethuthukisiwe isebenza ngokusebenzisa amandla agxilile e-laser ukushisisa ukungcola nezinto ezingafuneki endaweni, izenze zihlukane nongaphezulu ngokushisisa okusheshayo, ukuncibilika, noma ukuphenduka kube igesi, okudala umphumela wokuhlanza onamandla ongaphatha izinhlobo eziningi zokungcola nokungcola. Ukuhlanza i-laser kuyashesha futhi akulimazi imvelo. Lobu buchwepheshe bubonakale bubalulekile ekuhlanzeni isikhunta samasondo, ukususa upende ezindizeni, nokulungisa izinto zakudala ezidinga ukubuyiselwa ngokucophelela.
Izindlela zokuhlanza njalo zihlanganisa ukukhuhla ngokomzimba njengokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi nokugeza umfutho, ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali, ukusebenzisa amaza omsindo, nokuhlanza ngeqhwa elomile. Lezi zindlela ezahlukene zokuhlanza zisetshenziswa ezimbonini nasemabhizinisini amaningi ahlukene namuhla. I-sandblasting ingahlanza izindawo zensimbi, imiphetho yensimbi eqinile ebushelelezi, futhi isuse okokuvikela emabhodini wesekethe ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokuhlanza. Ukuhlanza amakhemikhali kusetshenziswa yonke indawo, kusukela ekukhipheni uwoyela nokungcola ezintweni zokusebenza kuya ekuhlanzeni ukunqwabelana kwamabhoyili namapayipi kawoyela. Nakuba lezi zindlela zokuhlanza ezindala zisebenza kahle futhi sezisetshenziswe isikhathi eside, zinezinkinga ezithile. Ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi kungalimaza izinto ezihlanzwayo, kuyilapho ukuhlanzwa kwamakhemikhali kungaba kubi endaweni ezungezile futhi kungase kulimaze indawo ehlanziwe uma kungenziwanga kahle.
Ukuhlanza i-laser kushintshe indlela esihlanza ngayo izinto ngokuphelele. Le ndlela entsha isebenzisa amandla agxilile e-laser, ukukhomba ngqo, kanye nokushisisa okusheshayo ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kunezindlela zokuhlanza ezindala. Ukuhlanza i-laser kusebenza kangcono kakhulu kunezindlela zendabuko ngezindlela eziningi. Uma uyiqhathanisa nezindlela zakudala zokuhlanza ezisebenzisa amakhemikhali, ukuhlanzwa nge-laser ngeke kulimazi imvelo noma konakalise indawo ehlanzwayo.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlanza nge-laser?
Uma ukhomba i-laser beam entweni engcolile, isusa izinto ezingafuneki ezindaweni eziqinile noma kwesinye isikhathi eziwuketshezi ngendlela ekhetheke kakhulu. Uma usebenzisa i-laser beam ebuthakathaka, ishisa ukungcola ize iphenduke igesi bese intanta. Ukusebenzisa i-laser beam enamandla kuguqula into engafuneki ibe igesi eshisa kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-plasma, eyisusa ngokuphelele ngaphandle.
Izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser
I-1) Ukuhlanza okomile nge-laser: Ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser okomile kulapho i-laser ye-pulsed ikhishwa ngokuqondile ukuze ihlanze ucezu lokusebenza, okubangela ukuthi i-substrate noma ukungcola okungaphezulu kudonse amandla futhi kukhuphuke izinga lokushisa, okuholela ekwandeni okushisayo noma ukudlidliza okushisayo kwe-substrate, ngaleyo ndlela kuhlukanise kokubili. Le ndlela ingahlukaniswa cishe ngamacala amabili: enye iwukuthi ukungcola okungaphezulu kudonsa i-laser futhi kwandise; enye iwukuthi i-substrate idonsa i-laser futhi ikhiqize ukudlidliza okushisayo.
I-2) Ukuhlanzwa okumanzi kwe-laser: Ngaphambi kokuba i-laser pulsed ifakwe kwi-workpiece ukuze ihlanzwe, ifilimu ye-liquid ifakwe ngaphambili phezulu. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-laser, izinga lokushisa lefilimu eliwuketshezi likhuphuka ngokushesha futhi liyahwamuka. Ngesikhathi sokuhwamuka, kukhiqizwa igagasi lokushaqisa, elisebenza ezinhlayiyeni ezingcolile futhi libangele ukuthi ziwe ngaphansi kwe-substrate. Le ndlela idinga ukuthi i-substrate nefilimu ye-liquid ayikwazi ukusabela, ngakho-ke ububanzi bezinto zokufaka isicelo bunqunyelwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser yokuhlanza ubuchwepheshe
Ake sikhulume ngokuhlanza ama-computer chips kanye nezingxenye zengilazi ezikhethekile. Lezi zinto zidlula ezinyathelweni ezifanayo lapho zenziwa, ngokusikwa nokushelela okungashiya izingcezu ezincane zokungcola ngemuva. Lokhu kungcola kunzima ngempela ukususa futhi kuyaqhubeka nokubuya kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlanze kangaki. Uma ukungcola kungena kuma-computer chips, ngeke asebenze kahle noma ahlale isikhathi eside. Uhlobo olufanayo lokungcola lungabangela izinkinga uma lufika ezicucu zengilazi ezikhethekile, kuzenze zingacaci futhi ziguge ngokushesha kunalokho okufanele. Ukusebenzisa ama-laser ukuhlanza lezi zingxenye kungazilimaza kalula. Esikhundleni salokho, abantu bathole impumelelo engcono ngokusebenzisa ingxube yezindlela zokuhlanza i-laser, ikakhulukazi leyo edala amagagasi akhethekile ukusunduza ukungcola.
1) Inkambu ye-semiconductor
Ukuhlanza ama-wafers we-semiconductor kanye nama-optical substrates Ama-wafers we-Semiconductor kanye nama-optical substrates anenqubo efanayo enkambisweni yokucubungula, okungukuthi, izinto zokusetshenziswa zicutshungulwa zibe yisimo esidingekayo ngokusika, ukugaya, njll. Kule nqubo, ukungcola okuyizinhlayiyana kwethulwa, okunzima ukususa futhi kube nezinkinga ezinkulu zokungcola okuphindaphindiwe. Ukungcola okungaphezulu kwama-wafers we-semiconductor kuzothinta ikhwalithi yokuphrinta kwebhodi lesifunda, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyeze impilo yesevisi yama-semiconductor chips. Ukungcola okungaphezulu kwama-optical substrates kuzothinta ikhwalithi yamadivayisi abonakalayo nama-coatings, futhi kungase kubangele amandla angalingani futhi kufinyeze impilo yesevisi. Njengoba ukuhlanza okomile nge-laser kungabangela kalula umonakalo endaweni engaphansi, le ndlela yokuhlanza ayivamile ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni ama-wafers we-semiconductor kanye nama-optical substrates. Ukuhlanza i-laser kanye nokuhlanza igagasi le-laser plasma kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphumelele kakhulu kulo mkhakha.
2) Inkambu yezinto zensimbi
Ukuhlanzwa kwendawo yensimbi yensimbi Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlanzwa kwamawafa angama-semiconductor nama-optical substrates, izinto ezingcolisayo ezihlanzwa ngokuhlanza ingaphezulu lezinto zensimbi ziyingxenye yesigaba se-macroscopic. Izinto ezingcolisayo ebusweni bezinto zensimbi ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa ungqimba lwe-oxide (ungqimba lokugqwala), ungqimba lukapende, ukunamathela, ezinye izinamathiselo, njll., ezingahlukaniswa zibe izinto ezingcolisa izinto eziphilayo (ezifana nongqimba lukapende, ukunamathela) kanye nokungcola okungaphili (njengosendlalelo sokugqwala) ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinto ezingcolisayo. Ukuhlanzwa kokungcola ebusweni bezinto zensimbi ikakhulukazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokucubungula noma ukusetshenziswa okulandelayo. Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokushisela izingxenye ze-titanium alloy, ungqimba lwe-oxide cishe ngo-10um obugqinsi bezinto ezibonakalayo ludinga ukususwa. Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwendiza, upende lwangempela olusesikhumbeni kumele lususwe ukuze lufafazwe kabusha. Izibunjwa zamasondo enjoloba zidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo kwezinhlayiya zenjoloba ezinamathele kuzo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzeka kwendawo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yamathayi akhiqizwayo kanye nokuphila kwesikhunta. Inani lomonakalo wezinto zensimbi liphezulu kunomkhawulo wokuhlanza nge-laser wokungcola kwawo okungaphezulu. Ngokukhetha i-laser yamandla efanelekile, umphumela ongcono wokuhlanza ungafinyelelwa.
3) Izinsalela Zamasiko
Ukuhlanzwa Kwezinsalela Zamasiko Nezindawo Zamaphepha Izinsalela zamasiko zensimbi nezamatshe zinomlando omude, futhi ukungcola okunjengokungcola noyinki kuzovela ezindaweni zazo. Lezi zinto ezingcolisayo zidinga ukuhlanzwa ukuze kubuyiselwe izinsalela zamasiko. Iphepha elifana ne-calligraphy nokudweba lizokhula isikhunta futhi lenze ama-plaque ebusweni balo lapho ligcinwe ngendlela engafanele. Lawa ma-plaque athinta kakhulu ukubukeka kwasekuqaleni kwephepha, ikakhulukazi iphepha elinenani eliphakeme lamasiko noma lomlando, okuzothinta ukwazisa nokuvikelwa kwalo.
Njengoba izidingo zabantu zokuhlanza okuluhlaza, okunobungani kwemvelo, okunembayo okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu kwanda, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser nakho sekuthole ukunakwa okusabalele. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza nge-laser busetshenzisiwe emikhakheni ye-microelectronics, ezokuthutha izitimela, izindiza, nokubuyiselwa kwezinsalela zamasiko, kodwa kusabhekene nezinselelo eziningi ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimo zokusetshenziswa kwayo, isikali kanye nemiphumela. Ngamafuphi, amathemba okuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser abanzi kakhulu. Izosetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwesabelo semakethe, izinga layo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kuzothuthukiswa nakakhulu.
Njengoba izidingo zabantu zokuhlanza okuluhlaza, okunobungani kwemvelo, okunembayo okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu kwanda, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser nakho sekuthole ukunakwa okusabalele. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza nge-laser busetshenzisiwe emikhakheni ye-microelectronics, ezokuthutha izitimela, izindiza, nokubuyiselwa kwezinsalela zamasiko, kodwa kusabhekene nezinselelo eziningi ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimo zokusetshenziswa kwayo, isikali kanye nemiphumela. Ngamafuphi, amathemba okuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser abanzi kakhulu. Izosetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwesabelo semakethe, izinga layo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kuzothuthukiswa nakakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-13-2025
