Umatshini wokuwelda welaser luhlobo lwezixhobo zokuwelda ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, kwaye ukwangumatshini obalulekileyo ekucutshungulweni kwezinto zelaser. Ukususela kuphuhliso lwasekuqaleni lomatshini wokuwelda welaser ukuya kubuchwepheshe bangoku, luye lwakhula kancinci kancinci, iintlobo ezininzi zoomatshini bokuwelda ziye zafunyanwa, kuquka umatshini wokuwelda welaser osetyenziswa kakhulu ngesandla, umncedisi onamandla kwimisebenzi yokuwelda.
Kutheni usebenzisa igesi yokukhusela xa udibanisa usebenzisa umatshini wokuwelda we-laser ophathwa ngesandla? Umatshini wokuwelda we-laser ophathwa ngesandla luhlobo olutsha lwendlela yokuwelda, ikakhulu yokudibanisa izixhobo ezibhityileyo kunye neendawo ezichanekileyo, ezinokufezekiswa ngokudibanisa amabala, ukuwelda kwe-butt, ukuwelda kwe-lap, ukuwelda kokuvala, njl.njl., ngomlinganiselo ophezulu wobunzulu, ububanzi obuncinci bokuwelda, kunye nobushushu. Indawo encinci echaphazelekayo, ukuguqulwa okuncinci, isantya sokudibanisa esikhawulezayo, umthungo wokuwelda ogudileyo nomhle, akukho mfuneko yokujongana okanye udinga unyango olulula emva kokuwelda, umthungo wokuwelda osemgangathweni ophezulu, akukho mingxunya, ulawulo oluchanekileyo, indawo encinci yokugxila, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokubeka, ukwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo kube lula.
1. Ingakhusela ilensi egxile kungcoliseko lomphunga wesinyithi kunye nokutshiza kwamaconsi olwelo
Igesi yokukhusela ingakhusela ilensi egxile kumatshini wokuwelda nge-laser ekungcolisweni komphunga wesinyithi kunye nokutshiza kwamaconsi olwelo, ingakumbi kwi-welding enamandla aphezulu, kuba ukuphuma kwayo kuba namandla kakhulu, kwaye kuyimfuneko ngakumbi ukukhusela ilensi ngeli xesha.
2. Igesi yokukhusela iyasebenza ekutshabalaliseni ukhuselo lweplasma kwi-laser welding enamandla aphezulu
Umphunga wesinyithi ufunxa umqadi welaser uze uyi-ionise kwilifu leplasma, kwaye igesi ekhuselayo ejikeleze umphunga wesinyithi nayo iyayi-ionise ngenxa yobushushu. Ukuba kukho iplasma eninzi kakhulu, umqadi welaser uyachithwa yiplasma. Iplasma ikhona kumphezulu osebenzayo njengamandla esibini, nto leyo eyenza ukungena kube nzulu kwaye umphezulu wedama lokuwelda ubanzi.
Izinga lokudityaniswa kwee-electron liyandiswa ngokwandisa ukungqubana kwee-electron ngemizimba emithathu kunye nee-ion kunye nee-athomu ezingathathi cala ukunciphisa uxinano lwee-electron kwi-plasma. Okukhona ii-athomu ezingathathi cala zilula, kokukhona i-collision frequency iphezulu kwaye izinga lokudityaniswa liphezulu; kwelinye icala, yigesi ekhuselayo kuphela enegunya eliphezulu le-ionization engayi kunyusa uxinano lwee-electron ngenxa ye-ionization yegesi ngokwayo.
3.Igesi yokukhusela ingakhusela umsebenzi kwi-oxidation ngexesha lokuwelda
Umatshini wokuwelda nge-laser kufuneka usebenzise uhlobo oluthile lwegesi ukhuseleko, kwaye inkqubo kufuneka ibekwe ngendlela yokuba igesi ekhuselayo ikhutshwe kuqala ize emva koko ikhutshwe i-laser, ukuze kuthintelwe i-oxidation ye-pulsed laser ngexesha lokuqhubekeka kokucubungula. Igesi engasebenziyo ingakhusela ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo. Xa ezinye izinto zidityaniswa nokuba umphezulu ujikeleziswa kangakanani na, ukhuseleko lusenokungaqwalaselwa, kodwa uninzi lwezicelo, i-helium, i-argon, i-nitrogen kunye nezinye iigesi zihlala zisetyenziswa njengokhuseleko ukuthintela ukuba umsebenzi ungajikeleziswa ngexesha lokuwelda.
4. Uyilo lwemingxuma yemilomo
Igesi yokukhusela ifakwe ngoxinzelelo oluthile nge-nozzle ukuze ifikelele kumphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza. Imilo ye-hydrodynamic ye-nozzle kunye nobubanzi bendawo yokuphuma zibaluleke kakhulu. Kufuneka ibe nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuqhuba igesi yokukhusela etshiziweyo ukuze igubungele umphezulu wokuwelda, kodwa ukuze ikhusele ilensi ngempumelelo kwaye ithintele umphunga wesinyithi ekungcoliseni okanye ukutshayelwa kwesinyithi ekonakaliseni ilensi, ubukhulu be-nozzle kufuneka buncitshiswe. Izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi nalo kufuneka lilawulwe, kungenjalo ukuhamba kwe-laminar kwegesi yokukhusela kuya kuba yingxubakaxaka, kwaye umoya uya kubandakanyeka echibini elinyibilikisiweyo, ekugqibeleni lenze ii-pores.
Kwi-laser welding, igesi yokukhusela iya kuchaphazela imo ye-weld, umgangatho we-weld, ukungena kwe-weld kunye nobubanzi bokungena. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuvuthela igesi yokukhusela kuya kuba nefuthe elihle kwi-weld, kodwa kunokubangela nefuthe elibi.
Indima Elungileyo:
1) Ukuvuthuzwa ngokuchanekileyo kwegesi yokukhusela kuya kuyikhusela ngokufanelekileyo ichibi lokuwelda ukunciphisa okanye ukuthintela ukungcoliswa;
2) Ukuvuthela ngokuchanekileyo igesi yokukhusela kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukuchitheka okubangelwa kukudityaniswa kwentsimbi;
3) Ukuvuthela ngokuchanekileyo igesi ekhuselayo kunokukhuthaza ukusasazeka okufanayo kwedama lokuwelda xa liqina, okwenza imo yokuwelda ifane kwaye ibe ntle;
4) Ukuvuthela ngokuchanekileyo igesi ekhuselayo kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo isiphumo sokukhusela seplamu yomphunga wesinyithi okanye ilifu leplasma kwilaser, kwaye kwandise izinga lokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwelaser;
5) Ukuvuthela ngokuchanekileyo igesi yokukhusela kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukubola kwe-weld.
Ukuba uhlobo lwegesi, isantya sokuhamba kwegesi, kunye nokukhethwa kwendlela yokuvuthela ichanekile, kunokufumana isiphumo esifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwegesi ekhuselayo kuya kuzisa iziphumo ezimbi ekuwelding.
Isiphumo Esibi:
1) Ukungafakwa kakuhle kwegesi yokukhusela kunokubangela ukuwelda okubi:
2) Ukukhetha uhlobo olungalunganga lwegesi kunokubangela imingxunya kwi-weld, kwaye kunokubangela ukwehla kweempawu zoomatshini ze-weld;
3) Ukukhetha isantya sokuhamba esingalunganga sokuvuthela igesi kunokukhokelela kwi-oxidation enzulu ye-weld (nokuba isantya sokuhamba sikhulu kakhulu okanye sincinci kakhulu), kwaye kunokubangela ukuba isinyithi sedama le-weld siphazamiseke kakhulu yimikhosi yangaphandle, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuweni kwe-weld okanye ukungalingani kokwakheka;
4) Ukukhetha indlela engalunganga yokufaka igesi kuya kubangela ukuba i-weld ingaphumeleli ukufezekisa isiphumo sokukhusela okanye ngokusisiseko ingabi nasiphumo sokukhusela okanye ibe nempembelelo embi ekwakhiweni kwe-weld;
5) Ukufunxwa kwegesi ekhuselayo kuya kuba nefuthe elithile ekungeneni kwe-weld, ingakumbi xa kudityaniswa iipleyiti ezincinci, kuya kunciphisa ukungena kwe-weld.
Ngokubanzi, i-helium isetyenziswa njengegesi ekhuselayo, enokucinezela i-plasma kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela inyuse ubunzulu bokungena kwayo kwaye inyuse isantya sokuwelda; kwaye ilula ngobunzima kwaye inokuphuma, kwaye akulula ukubangela iimbobo. Kakade ke, kwisiphumo sethu sokwenyani sokuwelda, isiphumo sokusebenzisa ukhuselo lwe-argon asibi.
Ukuba ufuna ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nokuwelda nge-laser, okanye ufuna ukuthenga umatshini wokuwelda we-laser ongcono kuwe,nceda ushiye umyalezo kwiwebhusayithi yethu kwaye usithumelele i-imeyile ngqo!
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-04-2023
