Kuki uhitamo isuku ya laser?

Abakora ibicuruzwa bahora bashaka gukora ibintu bikomeye, biramba kandi byizewe, ndetse no mu bijyanye n'imodoka n'iby'indege. Muri ubu buryo, bakunze kuvugurura no gusimbuza sisitemu z'ibikoresho bakoresheje ubucucike buke, ubushyuhe bwiza n'ibyuma birwanya ingese. Ibi biha abakora ibikoresho umwanya mwiza ku isoko.

Mu by’ukuri, icyo ni kimwe cya kabiri cy’inkuru.
Akarusho gakomeye kurushaho mu bya strategiki ni icyizere gifatika ku bijyanye n'imbaraga z'igicuruzwa, kuramba kwacyo, no kwizerwa kwacyo.
Guhinduranya ibikoresho bishaje ukabishyira ku bikomeye bishobora kuba intangiriro nziza, ariko nanone bisaba inzira zigezweho zo gukora zishingiye ku gusukura ubuso neza kandi neza kugira ngo hakorwe inyubako zikomeye. Ibyuma nk'aluminiyumu n'ibikoresho bigezweho nka polymer ya karubone, bikunze gukoreshwa mu gukora imodoka n'indege, bisaba guhuza kugira ngo bigabanye uburemere - iyo hakoreshejwe ibifunga, uburemere bwongerwa ku nyubako - no gukora ingingo zizewe kurushaho.
Uburyo gakondo bwo kurangiza aluminiyumu burimo gutwika umucanga, guhanagura ibintu bidafite ubuziranenge, hanyuma bigakurikirwa no gusya (ukoresheje agakoresho ko gukosora) cyangwa gusiga amavuta. Guhuza ibintu bifatanye n'ubudodo bifungura inzira yo gukora ibintu byikora ariko ibyo gutunganya ibintu bisanzwe bidahuye nabyo.
Gutera amenyo mu kirere bikunze kugaragara cyane aho uburyo buhenze kandi bukomeye bukoreshwa kugira ngo buhuze n’ibipimo bikomeye. Itandukaniro riri hagati y’uburyo bwo guturika umucanga n’uburyo bwo gukurura amenyo n’intoki bigaragaza neza ko hakenewe uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu neza.
Gusukura hakoreshejwe laser cyangwa gukoresha laser byongera ubu buryo bwo gusukura nk'uburyo bwiza, butangiza ibidukikije, bwikora kandi bunoze bwo gutunganya ibyuma n'ibice bivanze kugira ngo bisukurwe. Ubwoko bw'umwanda buboneka ku buso bw'ibi bikoresho bukurwaho byoroshye hakoreshejwe laser.
Kubera ko gusukura hakoreshejwe laser ari ikintu gikomeye cyane, ni ngombwa kumenya neza uko bigira ingaruka ku buso bwawe. Itandukaniro riri hagati y’ubuso butunganyijwe neza n’ubuso budatunganyijwe cyane cyangwa budatunganyijwe cyane rishobora kugorana cyane kubisuzuma. Kubera ko ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura imikorere y’ingano rigoye kandi risobanutse neza nk’uko imikorere ya laser ubwayo ibikora, abakora bashobora kwizera ko ibyuma n’ibice byabyo byiteguye gufatana.

Inzira ikurikira ya Fortune laser izaguha ibisobanuro birambuye ku mpamvu zo guhitamo isuku ya laser.

1 –Gusukura hakoreshejwe laser ni iki??
Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser ni uburyo bwo gusukura bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, rikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, rigakuraho uduce duto tw’ubuso bw’ikintu binyuze mu muyoboro wa laser ucurangwamo amashanyarazi. Laser irabagirana hejuru kugira ngo ikuremo atome kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu gucukura imyobo mito cyane, miremire cyane mu bikoresho bikomeye cyane, ikarema uduce duto cyangwa uduce duto ku buso.

Ubu buryo bwo gusukura ubuso bufite akamaro cyane kubera ubushobozi bwabwo bwo kwibasira ibice bito by’imyanda n’ibisigazwa. Ubuso bwa aluminiyumu burimo okiside n’amavuta yo kwisiga byangiza ihuriro ry’imigozi kandi ibivanze akenshi bigumana ibisigazwa by’imifumbire n’ibindi bihumanya bya silikoni bidashobora gukora imigozi ikomeye ya shimi hamwe n’imigozi.
Iyo kole ishyizwe ku buso burimo kimwe muri ibi bisigazwa, izagerageza gufatanya n'amavuta na silikoni ku bice bike byo hejuru by'ibikoresho. Ibi bihuza ni bike cyane kandi bizananirwa byanze bikunze haba mu gihe cy'ibizamini by'imikorere cyangwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha icyo gikoresho. Iyo ingingo zivunitse aho ubuso n'ikole cyangwa irangi bihurira, byitwa gutsindwa hagati y'ibice. Gutsindwa kw'imikoranire mu gihe cyo gupima kole ku ruhu ni igihe gucikamo ibice biba biri muri kole ubwayo. Ibi bigaragaza ko ihuza rikomeye cyane n'imiterere yateranye kandi iramba.

Kunanirwa kw'ibi bipimo by'ibice byavuwe na laser bigaragaza kole ku mpande zombi z'ibikoresho bifatanye.

Kunanirwa kw'ibi bipimo by'ibice bitavuwe bigaragaza ko kole yafashe gusa ku mpande imwe ikareka izindi burundu.
Iyo ufite ikibazo cyo guhagarara neza, uba ufite isano hagati y’urusobe rw’ibintu ritareka ubusa. Ubuvuzi bw’urusobe bugamije guhindura ubuso kugira ngo bukureho imyanda no gukora cyangwa kugaragaza ubuso buzashobora guhuzwa n’ubutare bw’ibinyabutabire kugira ngo bugire isano irambye kandi yizewe.
 
2- Uburyo bwo kumenya niba ubuso bwawe bwavuwe na laser bwiteguye gufatanywa
Ibipimo by'inguni zo gupima aho umuntu aherereye, nk'ibyavuzwe mu nyandiko ya IJAA byakoreshejwe mu gusobanukirwa uko uburyo bwo kuvura bugenda bugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita, ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kugenzura no kugenzura ibikorwa byo gusukura hakoreshejwe laser.
Igipimo cy'inguni yo gupima aho ibintu bihurira gishingiye ku mpinduka za molekile ziba ku buso buri kuvurwa na laser. Igitonyanga cy'amazi gishyirwa ku buso kizazamuka cyangwa kigabanuka ugereranyije neza n'ingano y'ubwandu bwa mikorobe ku buso. Ibipimo by'inguni yo gupima aho ibintu bihurira ni ikimenyetso kidasubirwaho cyerekana ko ibintu bifatanye kandi bishobora gutanga uburyo busobanutse kandi bugaragara neza uburyo imbaraga z'uburyo bwo kuvura zihuye n'ibikenewe mu gusukura ibikoresho.
Ibipimo by'inguni zo gupima aho ibintu bihurira bifitanye isano ryiza n'impinduka mu rugero rw'ibintu byanduye bifatwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa spectroscopy. Ibipimo byinshi by'ibintu byanduye ku buso bikorwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bidashoboka ku babikora kandi bitashoboraga gukoreshwa ku bice nyabyo biri gukorwa.
Ibipimo by'inguni bishobora gukorwa mbere na nyuma yo kuvurwa ku murongo w'umusaruro hakoreshejweintokicyangwaibikoresho byo gupima byikoraNk’uko isuku ya laser isimbura uburyo bwo gutegura ubuso bwa kera bitewe n’uko ibikoresho bikenera ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwikora cyane kandi bunoze, gupima inguni zikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bituma ibizamini by’ubuziranenge bw’ubuso nk’imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya dyne n’ibizamini byo gufunga amazi bitagikoreshwa.
Ibizamini by'ubushobozi bisuzuma gusa icyitegererezo cy'ibikoresho birimo gutunganywa, byongera igipimo cy'ibisigazwa kandi ntibigaragaze uburyo bwo gukora isano ikomeye. Inguni zo guhuza, iyo zikoreshejwe mu murongo w'umusaruro, zishobora kwerekana neza aho inzira isaba guhindurwa, kandi zishobora gutanga ibisobanuro ku bikenewe guhindurwa n'urugero.

3- Kuki ukoresha isuku ya laser?
Hakozwe ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku buryo kuvura ubuso bwa laser byongera gufatana kw'imitsi. Urugero,inyandiko yasohotse mu kinyamakuru cya "Journal of Adhesion"basuzumye uburyo imbaraga z'ingingo zongerwamo isuku ya laser bitandukanye n'uburyo gakondo.
"Ibisubizo by'igerageza bigaragaza ko uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso bwa laser bwakozwe mbere yo gufata ku ngufu bwazamuye cyane imbaraga zo gukata za aluminium yahinduwe-epoxy bonded ugereranije n'ibikoresho byakozwe mu buryo butavuwe kandi byasizwe anodized. Ibisubizo byiza byabonetse hakoreshejwe ingufu za laser zingana na 0.2 J/Pulse/cm2 aho imbaraga zo gukata ku ruhu rumwe zazamuweho 600-700% ugereranije n'iza Al alloy itavuwe, na 40% ugereranije n'uburyo bwo gutunganya mbere ya aside chromic anodizing."

Uburyo bwo gutsindwa bwahindutse kuva kuri kole ijya kuri kole uko umubare w'amapingu ya laser wiyongeraga mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Iki kintu cya nyuma cyahuye n'impinduka mu miterere nk'uko byagaragajwe na mikorosikopi ya elegitoroniki, ndetse n'impinduka mu mikorere y'ibinyabutabire nk'uko byagaragajwe na Auger na spectroscopy ya infrared.
Indi ngaruka ishimishije yo gukoresha laser ni imbaraga ifite zo gukora ubuso budashira uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Umukino wa Laser w'Amahirweyakoze akazi gakomeye ko kureba uburyo isuku ya laser ikorana n'ubuso mu buryo butangaje. Uburyo bwo gutunganya aluminiyumu hakoreshejwe laser butuma habaho utubumbe duto mu buso dushonga kandi hafi icyarimwe tugakomera tukaba urwego ruto rwa crystalline ku buso rurwanya ingese kurusha aluminiyumu ubwayo.

Urebye imbonerahamwe iri hepfo, igaragaza itandukaniro riri hagati y’imbaraga zo gukata icyuma gikoresheje aluminiyumu yavuwe na aluminiyumu yavuwe na shimi. Uko igihe cyagiye gihita, uko ubuso bwavuwe n’ahantu hatose, ubushobozi bw’ubuso bwavuwe n’imiti bwo gufatana neza bugabanuka cyane kuko ubushuhe butangira kwangiza ubuso, mu gihe ubuso bwavuwe na shimi bugumana ubushobozi bwo kwangiza nyuma y’ibyumweru byinshi bumaze bukoreshejwe.

Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi ku bijyanye no gusukura hakoreshejwe laser, cyangwa ushaka kugura imashini isukura hakoreshejwe laser ikubereye, andika ubutumwa ku rubuga rwacu hanyuma utwoherereze ubutumwa kuri imeri!