N'chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kusankha Kutsuka ndi Laser?

Opanga nthawi zonse amafuna kupanga zinthu zolimba, zolimba, komanso zodalirika, komanso m'magawo a magalimoto ndi ndege. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri amakonza ndikusinthira makina azinthu ndi zitsulo zotsika, kutentha bwino komanso zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri. Izi zimapatsa opanga malo abwino pamsika.

Ndipotu, imeneyo ndi theka la nkhani.
Ubwino wina wamphamvu kwambiri ndi kutsimikizika kokwanira kwa mphamvu ya chinthu, kulimba kwake, komanso kudalirika kwake.
Kusinthana ndi zinthu zakale ndi zolimba kungakhale chiyambi chabwino, koma kumafunanso njira zamakono zopangira zomwe zimadalira kuyeretsa pamwamba koyera komanso kogwira mtima kwambiri kuti pakhale nyumba zolimba. Zitsulo monga aluminiyamu ndi zipangizo zamakono monga carbon fiber polymer composites, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto ndi ndege, zimafuna kulumikizana kuti zichepetse kulemera - pamene zomangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kulemera kumawonjezeredwa ku nyumbayo - ndikupanga malo olumikizirana odalirika kwambiri.
Njira zachikhalidwe zomalizirira aluminiyamu zimaphatikizapo kupukuta mchenga, kupukuta zosungunulira, kutsatiridwa ndi kupukuta (pogwiritsa ntchito chotsukira) kapena kudzoza mafuta. Kumangirira kolimba kumatsegula chitseko cha njira zodzichitira zokha zomwe zomalizirira zachikhalidwe sizigwirizana nazo.
Kupaka mafuta m'mlengalenga kumachitika kwambiri m'malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndege komwe kukonzekera kokwera mtengo komanso kokhwima kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa zofunikira zokhwima. Kusiyanasiyana kwachilengedwe kwa njira zophulitsira mchenga ndi kuphwanya kwamanja kumasonyeza bwino kuti njira yowongoleredwa bwino ndiyofunika.
Kutsuka ndi laser kapena kuchotsa zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito laser kumadzaza kusiyana kwa njira imeneyi ngati njira yolondola kwambiri, yosawononga chilengedwe, yodziyimira yokha komanso yothandiza poyeretsa zitsulo ndi malo ophatikizika. Mitundu ya kuipitsidwa komwe kumapezeka pamwamba pa zinthuzi imachotsedwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito laser.
Popeza kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito laser ndi kwamphamvu kwambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe kumakhudzira malo anu. Kusiyana pakati pa malo okonzedwa bwino ndi malo osakonzedwa bwino kapena ochulukirapo kungakhale kovuta kwambiri kuyesa. Popeza ukadaulo wotsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zinthu uli wosavuta komanso wolondola monga momwe laser imagwirira ntchito, opanga amatha kukhala otsimikiza kuti malo awo achitsulo ndi ophatikizika ali okonzeka bwino kuti agwirizane.

Laser yotsatira ya Fortune ikupatsani chiyambi chatsatanetsatane cha zifukwa zomwe mwasankhira kuyeretsa ndi laser.

1 –Kodi Kuyeretsa kwa Laser ndi Chiyani??
Kuchiza ndi laser ndi njira yolondola kwambiri komanso yoyeretsera kutentha yomwe imagwira ntchito pochotsa (kuchotsa) tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta pamwamba pa chinthu kudzera mu laser beam yolunjika, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi pulsed. Laser imawunikira pamwamba kuti ichotse maatomu ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pobowola mabowo ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, akuya kwambiri kudzera muzinthu zolimba kwambiri, ndikupanga mafilimu opyapyala kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono pamwamba.

Njira yoyeretsera pamwambayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri chifukwa imatha kuthana ndi zinthu zazing'ono zodetsa ndi zotsalira. Malo a aluminiyamu ali ndi ma oxide ndi mafuta odzola omwe amawononga zomatira ndipo zinthu zophatikizika nthawi zambiri zimasunga zotsalira za nkhungu ndi zinthu zina zodetsa silicone zomwe sizingapange mgwirizano wamphamvu wa mankhwala ndi zomatira.
Pamene guluu wagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo omwe pali chimodzi mwa zotsalirazi, umayesa kumamatira ndi mafuta ndi silikoni pamwamba pa zigawo zingapo za mamolekyu a chinthucho. Ma bond awa ndi ofooka kwambiri ndipo amalephera nthawi zonse panthawi yoyesa magwiridwe antchito kapena panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Pamene maulumikizidwe asweka pamalo pomwe pamwamba ndi guluu kapena chophimba zimakumana, izi zimatchedwa kulephera kwa interfacial. Kulephera kwa mgwirizano panthawi yoyesa lap shear ndi pamene kusweka kumachitika mkati mwa guluu lokha. Izi zikusonyeza mgwirizano wolimba kwambiri komanso kapangidwe kogwirizana komwe kumakhala kolimba komanso kokhalitsa.

Kulephera kwa mgwirizano kwa zitsanzo zophatikizika izi zomwe zakonzedwa ndi laser kumasonyeza guluu mbali zonse ziwiri za zipangizo zomwe zikulumikizidwa.

Kulephera kwa interfacial kwa zitsanzo zophatikizika izi zomwe sizinakonzedwe kumasonyeza kuti guluu linangogwira mbali imodzi ndikusiya inayo.
Mukalephera kugwirizana, mumakhala ndi mgwirizano wapakati womwe sungathe kutha popanda chifukwa. Kukonza pamwamba kumafuna kusintha pamwamba kuti muchotse zodetsa ndikupanga kapena kuwonetsa pamwamba pomwe pangathe kusakanikirana ndi guluu kuti pakhale zomangira zolimba komanso zodalirika.
 
2- Momwe Mungadziwire Ngati Malo Anu Okonzedwa ndi Laser Ali Okonzeka Kumatidwa
Kuyeza ngodya yolumikizana, monga momwe zatchulidwira mu pepala la IJAA lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kumvetsetsa kuwonongeka kwa chithandizo pakapita nthawi, ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yowunikira ndikutsimikizira njira zoyeretsera pogwiritsa ntchito laser.
Kuyeza ngodya yolumikizana kumakhudza kusintha kwa mamolekyu komwe kumachitika pamwamba pomwe pakugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi laser. Kutsika kwa madzi omwe amaikidwa pamwamba kudzakwera kapena kutsika molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa microscopic pamwamba. Kuyeza ngodya yolumikizana ndi chizindikiro chosalekeza cha kumamatira ndipo kungapereke kumveka bwino komanso kuwonekera bwino momwe mphamvu ya chithandizocho ikugwirizana ndi zosowa zoyeretsera za zipangizozo.
Kuyeza ngodya yolumikizana kumagwirizana bwino ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa zodetsa zomwe zimatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira za spectroscopy. Kuyeza kolondola kwambiri kwa zodetsa pamalo kumachitika ndi zida zomwe sizingatheke kwa opanga kugula ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazida zenizeni zomwe zikupangidwa.
Kuyeza ngodya yolumikizana kungachitike nthawi yomweyo chithandizo chisanachitike komanso chitatha pa mzere wopanga ndibuku la malangizokapenazida zoyezera zokhaMonga momwe kuyeretsa kwa laser kumalowa m'malo mwa njira zakale zokonzekera pamwamba chifukwa cha zosowa za automation za kupanga zinthu zambiri komanso zolondola kwambiri, kuyeza ngodya yolumikizana kumapangitsanso kuti mayeso a pamwamba monga ma inki a dyne ndi mayeso oletsa madzi azitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mayeso a mphamvu amangoyang'ana chitsanzo cha zinthu zomwe zikukonzedwa, kuwonjezera pa chiŵerengero cha zinyalala ndipo sapereka chizindikiro chilichonse cha momwe angapangire mgwirizano wolimba. Ma angles olumikizana, akagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mzere wonse wopanga amatha kuloza komwe njirayo ikufunika kukonzedwa, ndipo angapereke chidziwitso cha zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa komanso mpaka pati.

3- N'chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Laser Cleaning?
Pakhala kafukufuku wambiri wabwino pa momwe chithandizo cha laser chimathandizira kuti khungu likhale lolimba. Mwachitsanzo,pepala lofalitsidwa mu Journal of Adhesionanafufuza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya mafupa poyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito laser kusiyana ndi njira zachikhalidwe.
"Zotsatira zoyesera zikusonyeza kuti chithandizo cha pamwamba pa laser chopangidwa ndi preadhesion chinakweza kwambiri mphamvu ya shear ya zitsanzo za aluminiyamu zolumikizidwa ndi epoxy poyerekeza ndi substrates zomwe sizinakonzedwe komanso zodzozedwa. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zinapezeka ndi mphamvu ya laser ya pafupifupi 0.2 J/Pulse/cm2 pomwe mphamvu ya shear ya single lap inakwera ndi 600-700% poyerekeza ndi ya Al alloy yosakonzedwa, ndi 40% poyerekeza ndi chithandizo cha chromic acid anodizing.

Njira yolephera inasintha kuchoka pa zomatira kupita ku zomangira pamene kuchuluka kwa ma laser pulses kunawonjezeka panthawi ya chithandizo. Chochitika chomalizachi chagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa mawonekedwe monga momwe zawululidwira ndi ma electron microscopy, ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala monga momwe zasonyezedwera ndi Auger ndi infrared spectroscopy.
Chinthu china chosangalatsa chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha laser ablation ndi mphamvu yomwe ili nayo popanga malo omwe sawonongeka pakapita nthawi.
Laser Yabwinowachita bwino kwambiri pofufuza momwe kuyeretsa kwa laser kumagwirira ntchito ndi malo m'njira zodabwitsa. Kuchiza aluminiyamu ndi laser kumapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba omwe amasungunuka ndipo nthawi yomweyo amalimba kukhala wosanjikiza wa kristalo pamwamba womwe umalimbana ndi dzimbiri kuposa aluminiyamu yokha.

Poyang'ana tchati chomwe chili pansipa, chikuwonetsa kusiyana pakati pa mphamvu ya shear ya bond pogwiritsa ntchito aluminiyamu yomwe yachiritsidwa ndi laser ndi aluminiyamu yomwe yachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala. Pakapita nthawi, pamene pamwamba pa malowa pakhala ponyowa, mphamvu ya pamwamba pa mankhwalawo kuti igwirizane bwino imachepa kwambiri chifukwa chinyezi chimayamba kuwononga pamwamba, pomwe pamwamba pa mankhwalawo pamakhalabe kukana dzimbiri patatha milungu ingapo.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito laser, kapena mukufuna kugula makina oyeretsera pogwiritsa ntchito laser omwe ndi oyenera kwambiri kwa inu, chonde lembani uthenga patsamba lathu ndipo titumizireni imelo mwachindunji!