Ukuwelda nge-laser kusenokuba yimakethi ekhula ngokukhawuleza yesicelo se-laser

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, izixhobo zokusika i-laser yesinyithi ezisekelwe kwi-fiber lasers ziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye zehla isantya ngo-2019. Kule mihla, iinkampani ezininzi zinethemba lokuba izixhobo ze-6KW okanye ngaphezulu kwe-10KW ziya kuphinda zisebenzise indawo entsha yokukhula yokusika i-laser.

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ukuwelda nge-laser akukhange kutsale ingqalelo ingako. Esinye sezizathu kukuba ubungakanani bemarike yoomatshini bokuwelda nge-laser abuzange bunyuke, kwaye kunzima kwezinye iinkampani ezibandakanyeka ekuwelda nge-laser ukuba zande. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yokwanda ngokukhawuleza kwemfuno yokuwelda nge-laser kwiindawo ezininzi eziphambili ezifana neemoto, iibhetri, unxibelelwano lwe-optical, ukwenziwa kwezinto ze-elektroniki, kunye ne-sheet metal, ubungakanani bemarike yokuwelda nge-laser bunyuke kancinci. Kuyaqondakala ukuba ubungakanani bemarike yokuwelda nge-laser kuzwelonke bumalunga ne-11 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2020, kwaye isabelo sayo kwizicelo ze-laser sikhule ngokuthe chu.

Isicelo esiphambili sokuwelda nge-laser

I-laser isetyenziselwa ukuwelda kungadlulanga ixesha lokusika, kwaye amandla aphambili eenkampani zangaphambili ze-laser kwilizwe lam kukuwelda nge-laser. Kukwakho neenkampani ezigxile ekuwelding nge-laser kwilizwe lam. Kwimihla yakudala, i-laser epomped ngesibane kunye ne-YAG laser welding zazisetyenziswa kakhulu. Zonke zaziyi-laser welding yendabuko enamandla aphantsi. Zazisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neenkuni, iimpawu zentengiso, iiglasi, ubucwebe, njl. Ubungakanani buncinci kakhulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwamandla e-laser, okubaluleke ngakumbi, ii-semiconductor lasers kunye ne-fiber lasers ziye zaphuhlisa kancinci kancinci iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwe-laser welding, zaphula imiqobo yobugcisa yokuqala yokuwelda nge-laser kwaye zavula indawo entsha yemarike.

Indawo ebonakalayo ye-fiber laser incinci kakhulu, nto leyo engafanelekanga ukuwelda. Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi basebenzisa umgaqo we-galvanometer swing beam kunye netekhnoloji efana ne-swing welding head, ukuze i-fiber laser ikwazi ukufezekisa ukuwelda kakuhle. Ukuwelda kwe-laser kuye kwangena kancinci kwimizi-mveliso yasekhaya ephezulu efana neemoto, uthutho lukaloliwe, i-aerospace, amandla enyukliya, izithuthi zamandla amatsha, kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-optical. Umzekelo, i-FAW, i-Chery, kunye ne-Guangzhou Honda zase-CHINA ziye zamkela imigca yemveliso yokuwelda ye-laser ezenzekelayo; i-CRRC Tangshan Locomotives, i-CRRC Qingdao Sifang locomotive ikwasebenzisa itekhnoloji yokuwelda yenqanaba le-kilowatt; kusetyenziswa iibhetri zamandla ezingaphezulu, kwaye iinkampani eziphambili ezifana ne-CATL, i-AVIC Lithium Battery, i-BYD, kunye ne-Guoxuan ziye zasebenzisa izixhobo zokuwelda ze-laser ngobuninzi.

Ukuwelda nge-laser kweebhetri zamandla kufanele kube yeyona mfuno imangalisayo yesicelo sokuwelda kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye ikhuthaze kakhulu iinkampani ezifana neLianying Laser, kunye neHan's New Energy. Okwesibini, kufanele kube kukuwelda kwemizimba yeemoto kunye namalungu ayo. I-China yeyona marike inkulu yeemoto kwihlabathi. Kukho iinkampani ezininzi ezindala zeemoto, iinkampani ezintsha zeemoto zihlala zisanda, zineempawu zeemoto eziphantse zibe yi-100, kwaye izinga lokusetyenziswa kokuwelda nge-laser kwimveliso yeemoto lisephantsi kakhulu. Kusekho indawo eninzi yexesha elizayo. Okwesithathu kukusetyenziswa kokuwelda nge-laser kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki zabathengi. Phakathi kwazo, indawo yenkqubo enxulumene nokuveliswa kweefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-optical inkulu kakhulu.

Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba ukuwelda nge-laser ephathwa ngesandla kungene kwinqanaba elinzima. Imfuno yezixhobo zokuwelda eziphathwa ngesandla ezisekelwe kwi-1000 watts ukuya kwi-2000 watts ze-fiber lasers ikhule kakhulu kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Ingatshintsha ngokulula inkqubo yokuwelda ye-arc yendabuko kunye nenkqubo yokuwelda engasebenzi kakuhle. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuwelda kwiifektri zehardware, iindawo zesinyithi, iipayipi zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, ii-alloys ze-aluminium, iingcango neefestile, ii-railings, kunye nezinto zokuhlambela. Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kunyaka ophelileyo wawungaphezulu kweeyunithi ezili-10,000, nto leyo ekude kakhulu ukuba ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu, kwaye kusekho amathuba amakhulu ophuhliso.

Amandla okuwelda nge-laser

Ukususela ngo-2018, izinga lokukhula kwemarike yesicelo sokuwelda nge-laser liye landa ngokukhawuleza, ngesantya sonyaka esiphakathi esingaphezulu kwama-30%, esidlule izinga lokukhula kwezicelo zokusika nge-laser. Ingxelo evela kwezinye iinkampani ze-laser iyafana. Umzekelo, phantsi kwempembelelo yobhubhane ngo-2020, ukuthengiswa kwe-laser yiRaycus Laser kwezicelo zokuwelda kunyuke nge-152% unyaka nonyaka; i-RECI Laser igxile kwi-laser zokuwelda eziphathwayo, kwaye yathatha isabelo esikhulu kweli candelo.

Intsimi yokuwelda enamandla aphezulu nayo iqalile ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya yasekhaya kancinci kancinci, kwaye amathuba okukhula aphezulu. Kwimizi-mveliso efana nokuveliswa kweebhetri ze-lithium, ukuveliswa kweemoto, ukuhanjiswa koololiwe, kunye nokuveliswa kweenqanawa, ukuwelda nge-laser, njengekhonkco elibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa, kukwazise ithuba elihle lophuhliso. Ngokuphucuka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwee-laser zasekhaya kunye nesidingo sokwenziwa kwemveliso enkulu ukunciphisa iindleko, ithuba lokuba ii-laser zefayibha zasekhaya zithathe indawo yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe lifikile.

Ngokwezicelo zokuwelda ngokubanzi, imfuno yangoku yamandla ukusuka kwi-1,000 watts ukuya kwi-4,000 watts yeyona inkulu, kwaye iya kukhokela kwi-laser welding kwixesha elizayo. Ii-laser welding ezininzi eziphathwa ngesandla zisetyenziselwa ukuwelda iindawo zesinyithi kunye neendawo zentsimbi engatyiwayo ezinobukhulu obungaphantsi kwe-1.5mm, kwaye amandla e-1000W anele. Kwi-welding yee-casing ze-aluminium zeebhetri zamandla, iibhetri zeemoto, izinto ze-aerospace, imizimba yeemoto, njl.njl., i-4000W inokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezininzi. I-laser welding iya kuba yindawo yesicelo se-laser enesantya sokukhula esikhawulezayo kwixesha elizayo, kwaye amandla ophuhliso lokugqibela anokuba makhulu kunokusika kwe-laser.