Impamvu imashini zo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser zikenera gaze mu gihe cyo gusudira

Imashini ikoresha laser ni ubwoko bw'ibikoresho byo gusudira bikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda, kandi ni imashini y'ingenzi mu gutunganya ibikoresho bya laser. Kuva mu iterambere rya mbere ry'imashini ikoresha laser kugeza ubu ikoranabuhanga ryagiye rikura buhoro buhoro, hagiye haboneka ubwoko bwinshi bw'imashini zikoresha laser, harimo n'imashini ikoreshwa cyane mu ntoki, ikaba ari yo yunganira cyane mu bikorwa byo gusudira.

Kuki ukoresha gaze yo gukingira mu gihe udoda ukoresheje imashini ikoresha laser? Imashini ikoresha laser ikoreshwa n'intoki ni ubwoko bushya bw'uburyo bwo gusudira, ahanini bukoreshwa mu gusudira ibikoresho bifite inkuta nto n'ibice bito, bishobora gukora isudira ahantu hato, gusudira ku matako, gusudira ku migozi, gusudira ku gipfundikizo, nibindi, bifite uburebure bwinshi, ubugari buto bwo gusudira, n'ubushyuhe. Agace gato kagize ikibazo, guhindagurika guto, umuvuduko wo gusudira vuba, umushonge woroshye kandi mwiza wo gusudira, nta mpamvu yo guhangana cyangwa gukenera gusa uburyo bworoshye bwo gusudira, umushonge wo gusudira ufite ireme rihanitse, nta buso, kugenzura neza, ahantu hato ho gushyira ibintu ku murongo, uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyira ibintu ku murongo, uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora.

1. Ishobora kurinda lenzi ireba kure ihumanya ikirere n'amazi aturuka mu byuma

Imyuka yo kurinda ishobora kurinda lenzi yibanda ku mashini isudira hakoreshejwe laser kwanduza umwuka w’icyuma n’ibitonyanga by’amazi, cyane cyane mu gusudira hakoreshejwe imbaraga nyinshi, kuko gusohora amazi biba bikomeye cyane, kandi ni ngombwa cyane kurinda lenzi muri iki gihe.

2. Gazi irinda irakora neza mu gukuraho uburinzi bwa plasma ku gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ikoresha imbaraga nyinshi

Umwotsi w'icyuma winjiza umurasire wa laser hanyuma ukajya mu gicu cya plasma, kandi umwuka urinda ukikije umwuka w'icyuma nawo ushyirwamo iyoni bitewe n'ubushyuhe. Iyo plasma ibaye nyinshi cyane, umurasire wa laser ukoreshwa na plasma. Plasma iba ku buso bukora nk'ingufu ya kabiri, bigatuma kwinjira mu kirere bigabanuka kandi ubuso bwa pisine bugakura.

Igipimo cyo gusubiranamo kwa electron kiriyongera binyuze mu kongera imikoranire y’ibice bitatu bya electron na iyoni na atome zidafite aho zibogamiye kugira ngo bigabanye ubucucike bwa electron muri plasma. Uko atome zidafite aho zibogamiye zirushaho kuba nyinshi, niko ingano y’igongana iba iri hejuru kandi igipimo cyo gusubiranamo kikaba kinini; ku rundi ruhande, gazi irinda ifite ingufu nyinshi za ionization ntabwo yongera ubucucike bwa electron bitewe n’ijoni ya gazi ubwayo.

 

3. Gazi irinda ishobora kurinda igikoresho cya ogisijeni mu gihe cyo gusudira

Imashini isudira hakoreshejwe laser igomba gukoresha ubwoko bwa gaze kuri uburinzi, kandi gahunda igomba gushyirwaho ku buryo umwuka urinda ubanza gusohoka hanyuma laser igasohoka, kugira ngo hirindwe ogisijeni ya laser ikoresha pulse mu gihe cyo gutunganya ibintu buri gihe. Gazi idakora ishobora kurinda ikidendezi cyashongeshejwe. Iyo ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bisunzwe hatitawe ku ogisijeni yo hejuru, uburinzi bushobora kutatekerezwaho, ariko ku bikorwa byinshi, heliyumu, argon, azote n'indi myuka ikunze gukoreshwa nk'uburinzi kugira ngo hirindwe ko igikoresho cyo gukora gisunzwe mu gihe cyo gusudira.

4. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imyobo y'iminwa

Imyuka yo gukingira ishyirwa ku gitutu runaka inyuze mu muyoboro kugira ngo igere ku buso bw'igikoresho. Imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amazi n'umurambararo w'aho usohoka ni ingenzi cyane. Igomba kuba nini bihagije kugira ngo itware umwuka wo gukingira upfutse ubuso bwo gusudira, ariko kugira ngo irinde neza lens no gukumira umwuka w'icyuma kwanduza cyangwa gusuka kw'icyuma kwangiza lens, ingano y'umuyoboro nayo igomba kugabanywa. Umuvuduko w'amazi na wo ugomba kugenzurwa, bitabaye ibyo umuvuduko w'umwuka wo gukingira uzahinduka umuvuduko, kandi ikirere kizaba kiri mu kidendezi cyashongeshejwe, amaherezo kikarema imyenge.

Mu gusudira hakoreshejwe laser, gazi yo kurinda ingirangingo igira ingaruka ku miterere y’ubushude, ubwiza bwa solder, kwinjira kwa solder n’ubugari bw’ubushude. Akenshi, gazi yo kurinda ingirangingo ikora neza ku isudira, ariko ishobora no kugira ingaruka mbi.

 

Uruhare rwiza:

1) Gutera neza imyuka irinda bizarinda neza ikigega cyo gusudira kugira ngo bigabanye cyangwa birinde ogisijeni;

2) Gutera neza imyuka irinda bishobora kugabanya neza umwanda uturuka mu gihe cyo gusudira;

3) Gutera neza umwuka urinda bishobora gutuma pisine ikwirakwira neza iyo ikomera, bigatuma ishusho y’umusemburo isa neza kandi ikaba nziza;

4) Gutera neza umwuka urinda bishobora kugabanya neza ingaruka zo kurinda imyuka y'icyuma cyangwa igicu cya plasma kuri laser, no kongera umuvuduko mwiza wo gukoresha laser;

5) Gupfuka neza gaze yo kurinda bishobora kugabanya neza ubwiyongere bw'amazi mu gusuka.

Igihe cyose ubwoko bwa gazi, umuvuduko w’amazi aturuka ku gaze, uburyo bwo guhiga ari bwo bwiza, bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza. Ariko, gukoresha nabi gazi irinda impanuka nabyo bizagira ingaruka mbi ku gusudira.

Ingaruka mbi:

1) Kutagira umwuka uhagije w’imyuka irinda ibidukikije bishobora gutuma habaho gusudira nabi:

2) Guhitamo ubwoko bubi bwa gazi bishobora gutera imiturire mu gusuka, kandi bishobora no gutuma imiterere ya mashini isuka igabanuka;

3) Guhitamo umuvuduko utari wo uturuka ku mwuka ushobora gutera ogisijeni ikomeye mu muyoboro w’amazi (waba umuvuduko w’amazi ari munini cyane cyangwa muto cyane), kandi bishobora no gutuma icyuma cyo mu mwobo w’amazi gihungabanywa cyane n’imbaraga zo hanze, bigatuma umuyoboro w’amazi usenyuka cyangwa hakagira ihinduka rito;

4) Guhitamo uburyo bubi bwo gutera umwuka bizatuma isudira inanirwa kugera ku ngaruka zo kurinda cyangwa ndetse nta ngaruka zo kurinda cyangwa ngo bigire ingaruka mbi ku miterere y’ubusudira;

5) Gushyira umwuka urinda bizagira ingaruka ku buryo bufatika ku kwinjira kw'imyanda, cyane cyane iyo urimo gusudira ibyuma bito, bizagabanya kwinjira kw'imyanda.

 

Muri rusange, heliyumu ikoreshwa nk'umwuka urinda, ushobora kugabanya plasma ku rugero runini, bityo wongera uburebure bw'amazi yinjiramo kandi wongera umuvuduko wo gusudira; kandi ni ntoya mu buremere kandi ishobora gusohoka, kandi ntabwo byoroshye gutera imyenge. Birumvikana ko dukurikije ingaruka zacu zo gusudira, ingaruka zo gukoresha uburyo bwo kurinda argon si mbi.

Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi ku bijyanye no gusudira hakoreshejwe laser, cyangwa ushaka kugura imashini nziza yo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser,andika ubutumwa ku rubuga rwacu hanyuma udutumire ubutumwa bugufi!