Makina owotcherera a laser ndi mtundu wa zida zowotcherera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale, komanso ndi makina ofunikira pakukonza zinthu za laser. Kuyambira pa chitukuko choyambirira cha makina kuwotcherera laser kwa luso panopa pang'onopang'ono kukhwima, mitundu yambiri ya makina kuwotcherera wakhala anachokera, kuphatikizapo m'manja laser kuwotcherera makina, wothandizira wamphamvu ntchito kuwotcherera.
N'chifukwa chiyani kutchinga mpweya pamene kuwotcherera ndi m'manja laser kuwotcherera makina? M'manja laser kuwotcherera makina ndi mtundu watsopano wa kuwotcherera njira, makamaka kwa kuwotcherera woonda-mipanda zipangizo ndi mbali mwatsatanetsatane, amene angathe kuzindikira malo kuwotcherera, matako kuwotcherera, lap kuwotcherera, kusindikiza kuwotcherera, etc., ndi chiŵerengero chakuya mkulu, yaing'ono kuwotcherera m'lifupi, ndi kutentha Malo ang'onoang'ono okhudzidwa, mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono, kuthamanga kwazitsulo zowonda, zosalala ndi zokongola zowotcherera, palibe chifukwa chochitira ndi ife kusoka kosalala kapena kokongola, palibe chifukwa chothana ndi kusoka kwapamwamba, osasowa chithandizo chapamwamba pambuyo pa kusoka. porosity, kuwongolera kolondola, malo ang'onoang'ono, malo olondola kwambiri, zosavuta kuzizindikira.
1. Itha kuteteza mandala omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ku kuipitsidwa kwa nthunzi wachitsulo ndi kutulutsa madontho amadzimadzi.
Mpweya wotchinjiriza umatha kuteteza disolo loyang'ana pamakina owotcherera a laser ku kuipitsidwa kwa nthunzi wachitsulo ndi kutulutsa madontho amadzimadzi, makamaka pakuwotcherera kwamphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa ejection imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ndikofunikira kuteteza mandala panthawiyi.
2.Kuteteza gasi ndikothandiza pakuchotsa chitetezo cha plasma kuchokera ku kuwotcherera kwamphamvu kwa laser
Mpweya wachitsulo umatenga mtengo wa laser ndikulowa mumtambo wa plasma, ndipo mpweya woteteza kuzungulira mpweya wachitsulo umakhalanso ionized chifukwa cha kutentha. Ngati plasma yochulukirapo ilipo, mtengo wa laser umadyedwa ndi plasma. Plasma imakhalapo pamalo ogwirira ntchito ngati mphamvu yachiwiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti malowa azikhala osaya komanso pamwamba pa dziwe la weld.
Kuchulukanso kwa ma elekitironi kumawonjezeka powonjezera kugunda kwa ma elekitironi atatu ndi ma ion ndi ma atomu osalowerera kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa ma elekitironi mu plasma. Kupepuka kwa maatomu omwe salowerera ndale, kumapangitsa kuti ma atomu agundane azikwera komanso kuchulukanso kophatikizananso; Komano, kokha mpweya wotetezera wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri za ionization sizidzawonjezera mphamvu ya electron chifukwa cha ionization ya mpweya wokha.
3.The gasi zoteteza akhoza kuteteza workpiece kuti makutidwe ndi okosijeni pa kuwotcherera
Makina owotcherera a laser ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa gasi chitetezo, ndipo pulogalamuyo iyenera kukhazikitsidwa m'njira yoti mpweya woteteza umatulutsidwa poyamba ndiyeno laser imatulutsidwa, kuti ateteze makutidwe ndi okosijeni a laser pulsed panthawi yokonza kosalekeza. Mpweya wa inert ukhoza kuteteza dziwe losungunuka. Pamene zipangizo zina welded mosasamala makutidwe ndi okosijeni pamwamba, chitetezo sizingaganizidwe, koma ntchito zambiri, helium, argon, nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo kuteteza workpiece kuti welded pa kuwotcherera. kukhudzidwa ndi okosijeni.
4.Mapangidwe a mabowo a nozzle
Mpweya wotchinjiriza umalowetsedwa pazovuta zina kudzera mumphuno kuti ufike pamwamba pa workpiece. Maonekedwe a hydrodynamic a nozzle ndi mainchesi a chotuluka ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ziyenera kukhala zazikulu zokwanira kuyendetsa mpweya wotchinga wopoperapo kuti uphimbe pamwamba pa kuwotcherera, koma kuti muteteze bwino disolo ndikuletsa nthunzi yachitsulo kuti isawononge kapena kuwomba kwachitsulo kuti zisawononge mandala, kukula kwa nozzle kuyeneranso kuchepetsedwa. Kuthamanga kwa madzi kuyeneranso kuyendetsedwa, mwinamwake kutuluka kwa laminar kwa mpweya wotetezera kudzakhala kovuta, ndipo mlengalenga udzakhudzidwa mu dziwe losungunuka, potsirizira pake kupanga pores.
Mu kuwotcherera kwa laser, kutchingira mpweya kumakhudza mawonekedwe a weld, mtundu wa weld, kulowa kwa weld ndi m'lifupi lolowera. Nthawi zambiri, kuwomba gasi wotchinga kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa weld, koma kungayambitsenso zovuta.
Udindo Wabwino:
1) Kuwomba koyenera kwa mpweya wotchinga kumateteza bwino dziwe la weld kuti muchepetse kapena kupewa oxidation;
2) Kuwomba koyenera kwa gasi wotchinga kumatha kuchepetsa sipatter yomwe imapangidwa pakuwotcherera;
3) Kuwomba koyenera kwa mpweya wotetezera kungathe kulimbikitsa kufalikira kwa yunifolomu kwa dziwe la weld pamene likulimba, kupanga mawonekedwe a weld yunifolomu ndi yokongola;
4) Kuwomba koyenera kwa gasi woteteza kumatha kuchepetsa kutchingira kwachitsulo cha nthunzi kapena mtambo wa plasma pa laser, ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa laser;
5) Kuwomba koyenera kwa gasi wotchinga kumatha kuchepetsa kutsekemera kwa weld.
Malingana ngati mtundu wa gasi, kuthamanga kwa gasi, kusankha njira yowomba ndikolondola, kumatha kupeza zotsatira zabwino. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika gasi woteteza kudzabweretsanso zovuta pakuwotcherera.
Zotsatira zake:
1) Kulowetsedwa kosayenera kwa mpweya wotchinga kungayambitse ma welds osauka:
2) Kusankha mtundu wolakwika wa mpweya kungayambitse ming'alu mu weld, komanso kungayambitse kuchepa kwa makina a weld;
3) Kusankha mpweya wolakwika womwe ukuwomba kuthamanga kungayambitse kuopsa kwa okosijeni wa weld (kaya kuthamanga kwake kuli kwakukulu kapena kochepa kwambiri), komanso kungayambitsenso zitsulo za weld pool kuti zisokonezedwe kwambiri ndi mphamvu zakunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti weld awonongeke kapena kupanga zosiyana;
4) Kusankha njira yolakwika ya jekeseni wa gasi kumapangitsa kuti weld alephere kukwaniritsa chitetezo kapena ngakhale alibe chitetezo kapena kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pamapangidwe a weld;
5) Kulowetsedwa kwa mpweya woteteza kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zina pa malowedwe a weld, makamaka pamene kuwotcherera mbale zoonda, zidzachepetsa kulowetsedwa kwa weld.
Nthawi zambiri, helium imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpweya woteteza, womwe ungathe kupondereza plasma kwambiri, potero kumawonjezera kuya kwa kulowa ndikuwonjezera liwiro la kuwotcherera; ndipo ndi yopepuka kulemera ndipo imatha kuthawa, ndipo sikophweka kuyambitsa pores. Zoonadi, kuchokera ku zotsatira zathu zowotcherera, zotsatira zogwiritsira ntchito chitetezo cha argon sizoyipa.
Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira zambiri za kuwotcherera laser, kapena mukufuna kugula makina abwino kwambiri kuwotcherera laser kwa inu,chonde siyani uthenga patsamba lathu ndikutumiza imelo mwachindunji!
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-04-2023
