Esi sikhokelo sokhuseleko lokuwelda nge-laser esiphathwa ngesandla linyathelo lakho lokuqala lokuqonda obu buchwepheshe ngaphandle kokubeka impilo-ntle yakho emngciphekweni. Abawelda nge-laser abaphathwa ngesandla batshintsha ii-workshops ngesantya esimangalisayo kunye nokuchaneka, kodwa la mandla eza neengozi ezinkulu, ezihlala zingabonakali.
Esi sikhokelo sibonelela ngamanyathelo okhuseleko abalulekileyoukuwelda nge-laser ephathwayokwaye yenzelwe ukongeza, hayi ukuthatha indawo, incwadi yemiyalelo yokhuseleko enikiweyo ngumvelisi wezixhobo zakho. Soloko ubhekisa kwincwadi yemiyalelo yomenzi wakho ukuze ufumane imiyalelo eneenkcukacha zokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko.
Umgca Wakho Wokuqala Wokuzikhusela: Izixhobo Zokuzikhusela Eziyimfuneko
Ngaba ii-laser welders eziphathwa ngesandla zikhuselekile? Ewe, kodwa kuphela ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Izixhobo zakho zokuwelda ze-arc eziqhelekileyo azinabungozi ekusebenzeni nge-laser. Wonke umntu okwindawo yokuwelda okanye kufutshane nayo kufuneka axhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Iiglasi zoKhuseleko lweLaser:Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwi-PPE. Kufuneka zilinganiswe nge-Optical Density (OD) ye-OD≥7+ ngokukodwa kwi-wavelength ye-laser yakho (ngesiqhelo malunga ne-1070 nm). Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa ngakunye, kufuneka uhlole ngokwasemzimbeni izibuko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zilinganiso ziprintwe ngokuchanekileyo kwilensi okanye kwifreyimu. Ungaze usebenzise iiglasi ezingaphawulwanga okanye ezonakeleyo. Wonke umntu onomgca obonakalayo kwi-laser uyazifuna.
Impahla Engalawuliyo Ilangatye:Kubalulekile ukugquma ulusu lonke. Nxiba impahla esemgangathweni ukuze ukhuseleke kwi-laser beam, iintlantsi kunye nobushushu.
Iiglavu Ezingangeni Ubushushu:Khusela izandla zakho kumandla obushushu kunye nokukhanya okubonakalayo ngengozi.
Umphefumli:Umsi wokuwelda nge-laser unamasuntswana amancinci anokuba yingozi. Sebenzisa inkqubo yokukhupha umsi, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, nxiba isixhobo sokuphefumla (i-N95 okanye ngaphezulu) ukukhusela imiphunga yakho.
Izihlangu zoKhuseleko:Izihlangu eziqhelekileyo ezisemgangathweni zoshishino ziyafuneka ukukhusela kwiindawo eziwayo nezinye iingozi zasevenkileni.
Ukudala iNqaba: Indlela yokuseta indawo ekhuselekileyo ye-laser
Ukulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo indawo yokusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu njengokunxibapeyakhopizixhobo zokukhusela. Kufuneka wenze indawo elawulwa yiLaser esemthethweni(LCA)ukugcina umqadi.
Ukuqonda iiLaser zeKlasi yesi-4
Ii-welders ze-laser eziphathwa ngesandla zihlala ziphantsi kweKlasi yesi-4 yenkqubo yokwahlulahlula i-laser ye-ANSI Z136.1. Olu hlulo lubonisa iinkqubo ze-laser eziyingozi kakhulu. Ii-laser zeKlasi yesi-4 zinokubangela umonakalo osisigxina wamehlo ovela kwimisebe ethe ngqo, ekhanyisiweyo, okanye esasazekileyo, kwaye zinokubangela ukutsha kwesikhumba kunye nokutshisa imililo. La mandla aphezulu agxininisa imfuneko epheleleyo yeenkqubo zokhuseleko ezingqongqo.
Misela Umqobo Obonakalayo
Kufuneka ufake umsebenzi wokuwelda ukuze ukhusele abanye. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa:
1.Amakhethini okanye izikrini zokhuseleko lwelaser eziqinisekisiweyo.
2.Iindonga zesakhiwo ezihlala zihleli.
3.Iiphaneli ze-aluminiyam ezifakwe i-anodized zilinganiswe kwiileser zeKlasi yesi-4.
Ukufikelela kuLawulo
Ngabasebenzi abagunyazisiweyo, abaqeqeshwe kakuhle nabaxhotyiswe ngokupheleleyo kuphela abafanele bangene kwi-LCA.
Iimpawu Zesilumkiso
Beka imiqondiso ecacileyo ethi “INGOZI” kuyo yonke indawo yokungena, njengoko kufuneka ngokomgangatho we-ANSI Z136.1. Isibonakaliso kufuneka siquke uphawu lwelaser kwaye sithi “Ilaser yeKlasi yesi-4 – Kuphephe ukuvezwa emehlweni okanye kulusu kwimitha ethe ngqo okanye esasazekileyo.”
Nciphisa iingozi zomlilo kunye nomlilo
Ukuthintela uMlilo:Susa zonke izinto ezinokutsha nezinokutsha ngaphakathi kwerediyasi ye-10 yeemitha ukusuka kwi-LCA. Gcina isitshizi somlilo esifanelekileyo nesigcinwe kakuhle (umz. uhlobo lwe-ABC, okanye udidi D lweentsimbi ezinokutsha) esifikeleleka lula.
Ukukhupha iFume:Yeyiphi ingozi enkulu xa kudityaniswa i-laser welding? Nangona umonakalo wamehlo ungowona uphambili, umsi uyinto exhalabisayo kakhulu. Sebenzisa isixhobo sokukhupha umsi kwindawo ohlala kuyo esikufutshane ne-weld kangangoko unako ukuze ubambe amasuntswana anobungozi kumthombo.
Umgaqo Wokuwelda NgeLaser Ephathwayo
Cinga ngesixhobo sokuwelda esiphathwa ngesandla njengeglasi enamandla kakhulu nechanekileyo yokukhulisa. Endaweni yokugxila elangeni, sivelisa kwaye sijolise ukukhanya okunamandla amakhulu kwindawo encinci.
Inkqubo iqala kumthombo welaser, ngesiqhelo yi-fiber laser generator. Le yunithi idala ukukhanya okuxineneyo kakhulu kwe-infrared. Oku kukhanya kuhamba ngentambo ye-fiber optic eguquguqukayo ukuya kwitotshi yokuwelda ephathwayo.
Ngaphakathi kwitotshi, uthotho lwee-optics lujolisa lo msebe unamandla ukuya kwindawo ethile. Xa umqhubi etsala i-trigger, la mandla agxileyo abetha isinyithi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba sinyibilike phantse ngoko nangoko size senze ichibi lokuwelda. Njengoko umqhubi ehambisa itotshi ecaleni kwejoyinti, isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo siyahamba kunye size siqine, senza umthungo oqinileyo nococekileyo.
Lo mgaqo yiwo onika iingenelo eziphambili zokuwelda nge-laser.
Ukufakwa kobushushu obuphantsi kunye nokuphambuka okuncitshisiweyo
Ubuninzi bamandla obuphezulu kakhulu bufaka amandla kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo phantse ngoko nangoko. Oku kufudumeza ngokukhawuleza kubangela ukuba isinyithi kwindawo engundoqo sinyibilike size siphele ngaphambi kokuba ubushushu obukhulu bungene kwizinto ezingqongileyo.
Indawo Encinci Echaphazeleka Bubushushu (HAZ):Ngenxa yokuba ixesha lokusasazwa kobushushu lincinci, indawo yezinto eziguqulwa ngokwesakhiwo bubushushu kodwa zinganyibiliki—i-HAZ—incinci kakhulu.
Ukugoba okuncitshisiweyo:Ukuphazamiseka kobushushu kubangelwa kukwanda nokucutheka kwezinto ezishushu. Xa kushushubezwa umthamo omncinci kakhulu wesinyithi, uxinzelelo lobushushu luphela luphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukugoba okuncinci kunye nemveliso yokugqibela eqinileyo ngakumbi.
Ukuchaneka Okuphezulu kunye noLawulo
Ukuchaneka kokuwelda nge-laser kubangelwa ngqo bubungakanani obuncinci, obulawulekayo bomqadi we-laser.
Ubungakanani beNdawo encinci:I-laser ingajoliswa kwi-spot size sibe zii-milimitha ezimbalwa kuphela. Oku kuvumela ukudalwa kwee-welds ezincinci kakhulu nezincinci ezingenakwenzeka ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-MIG okanye i-TIG welding.
Amandla Ajolisiweyo:Oku kuchaneka kwenza ukuba ilungele ukudityaniswa kwezinto ezibhityileyo, izinto ezintsonkothileyo, okanye ukusebenza kufutshane nezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezibuthathaka kubushushu ngaphandle kokonakalisa.
Isantya Esimangalisayo Nokungena Okunzulu
Uxinano olukhulu lwamandla lukhokelela kwindlela yokuwelda esebenza kakuhle kakhulu eyaziwa ngokuba yi-keyhole welding.
Ukwakheka komngxuma wesitshixo:Ubuninzi bamandla buphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba abunyibilikisi nje isinyithi; buyasinyibilikisa sibe ngumphunga, kwenze umngxuma onzulu nomxinwa womphunga wesinyithi obizwa ngokuba yi-“keyhole.”
Ukudluliselwa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo:Lo mngxuma wesitshixo usebenza njengomjelo, uvumela umqadi we-laser ukuba ungene nzulu kwizinto. Amandla e-laser afunxwa ngokufanelekileyo kubunzulu bomngxuma wesitshixo, kungekuphela nje kumphezulu.
Ukuwelda okuKhawulezayo:Njengoko i-laser ihamba ecaleni kwejoyinti, isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sijikeleza umngxuma wesitshixo size siqine emva kwawo, senza i-weld enzulu nemxinwa. Le nkqubo ikhawuleza kakhulu kuneendlela zemveli ezixhomekeke ekuqhubeni kobushushu kancinci ukuze zinyibilikise izinto. Oku kuphumela kwi-welds yokungena ngokunzulu ngesantya esiphezulu sokuhamba, nto leyo enyusa imveliso.
Uluhlu Lokujonga Lomqhubi: Amanyathelo Okhuseleko Abalulekileyo Okusetyenziswayo
Xa igiya ivuliwe kwaye indawo ikhuselekile, ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kubalulekile.
Yenza Uhlolo Ngaphambi Kokusetyenziswa:Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa yonke into, jonga izixhobo ngamehlo. Jonga ukuba intambo ye-fiber optic ayinaziphene okanye ayilunganga, qinisekisa ukuba umlomo we-welding ucocekile kwaye ukhuselekile, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba zonke iimpawu zokhuseleko zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo:Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla, misela kwaye unamathele kwishedyuli yokugcinwa rhoqo kwenkqubo yelaser. Oku kuquka ukujonga iinkqubo zokupholisakwayeucoceko lwamehlo.Qinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokukhupha umsi zicocwa rhoqo kwaye izihluzi zitshintshwa ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukugcinwa kakuhle kuthintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo okunokubangela iimeko eziyingozi.
Iingozi zokucamngca ngentlonipho:Ukukhanya okubonakalayo (okufana nesipili) okuvela kwiindawo ezikhazimlayo ezifana ne-aluminium okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo zezona ziyingozi kakhulu emva kokukhanya ngqo.
Lawula ukuma kwakho kunye ne-engile:Soloko ugcina umzimba wakho kude neendlela ezithe ngqo nezinokwenzeka zokubonakalisa. Gcina i-engile yokuwelda phakathi kwama-30 nama-70 degrees ukuze unciphise ukubonakalisa okuyingozi okuya kuwe.
Sebenzisa iimpawu zoKhuseleko ezakhelwe ngaphakathi:Ungaze udlule kwiindlela zokhuseleko.
Isitshixo sokutshintsha:Ithintela ukusetyenziswa okungagunyaziswanga.
I-Trigger enamanqanaba amabini:Ithintela ukudubula ngengozi.
Isekethe yoQhagamshelwano lweSiqendu sokuSebenza:Iqinisekisa ukuba i-laser inokudubula kuphela xa umlomo uchukumisa into yokusebenza.
Qinisekisa ukuba umhlaba ubekwe kakuhle:Soloko uncamathisela isibambo somhlaba ngokuqinileyo kwindawo yokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba uqalise. Oku kuthintela ukuba isingxobo somatshini singabi namandla ayingozi.
Impendulo eNgxamisekileyo: Okufanele ukwenze kwiSiganeko
Nokuba kukho zonke iindlela zokuthintela, kufuneka ulungele ukwenza ngokukhawuleza. Wonke umntu osebenza kwi-LCA okanye kufutshane nayo kufuneka awazi la manyathelo.
Ukuvezwa Kwamehlo Okurhanelekayo
Nakuphi na ukurhanelwa kokubonakala kwamehlo kumqadi othe ngqo okanye okhanyayo yingxamiseko yezonyango.
1.Yeka ukusebenza ngoko nangoko uze uvale inkqubo yelaser.
2.Yazisa iGosa lakho loKhuseleko lweLaser (LSO) okanye umphathi wakho ngoko nangoko.
3.Funa uvavanyo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza kwingcali yamehlo. Yiba neenkcukacha zelaser (Udidi, ubude bomphezulu, amandla) zilungele abasebenzi bezonyango.
4.Musa ukuhlikihla iliso.
Ukutsha Kolusu okanye Umlilo
Ukutsha Kolusu:Yiphathe njengokutsha kobushushu. Pholisa loo ndawo ngamanzi ngoko nangoko uze ufumane uncedo lokuqala. Xela isiganeko kwi-LSO yakho.
Ngomlilo:Ukuba umlilo omncinci uqala, sebenzisa isicima-mlilo esifanelekileyo. Ukuba umlilo awulawuleki ngoko nangoko, vula i-alamu yomlilo ekufutshane uze uphume kuloo ndawo.
Ulwazi lunamandla: Igosa loKhuseleko lweLaser (LSO)
Ngokwemigangatho ye-ANSI Z136.1, nasiphi na isixhobo esisebenzisa i-laser yeKlasi yesi-4 kufuneka sityumbe iGosa loKhuseleko lweLaser (LSO).
I-LSO ngumntu onoxanduva lwenkqubo yonke yokhuseleko lwe-laser. Abadingi siqinisekiso sikhethekileyo sangaphandle, kodwa kufuneka babe noqeqesho olwaneleyo lokuqonda iingozi, basebenzise amanyathelo olawulo, bavume iinkqubo, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba bonke abasebenzi baqeqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo. Le ndima yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwinkcubeko yakho yokhuseleko.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Ii-FAQ)
Q: Ngaba ii-welders ze-laser eziphathwa ngesandla zikhuselekile kwindawo yokusebenzela encinci?
A: Ewe, ukuba ulandela yonke iprotocol. Imigangatho yokhuseleko, kuquka ukuqesha i-LSO kunye nokudala i-LCA, isebenza kuyo yonke imibutho esebenzisa i-laser yeKlasi yesi-4, nokuba ingakanani na.
Q: Luluphi ukhuseleko olufunekayo xa usebenzisa i-laser welding?
A: Udinga iiglasi zokhuseleko zelaser ezihambelana nobude bexesha,Iimpahla ze-FR, iiglavu, kunye nokhuseleko lokuphefumla kwindawo elawulwa yiLaser (LCA) eyilwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Q: Luhlobo luni loqeqesho olufunekayo kwiGosa loKhuseleko lweLaser?
A: Umgangatho we-ANSI Z136.1 ufuna i-LSO ibe nolwazi kwaye ikwazi, kodwa ayifuni isiqinisekiso esithile sangaphandle. Uqeqesho lwabo kufuneka lwanele ukuqonda ifiziksi yelaser kunye neengozi, ukuvavanya iingozi, ukumisela amanyathelo olawulo afanelekileyo, kunye nokulawula inkqubo yokhuseleko iyonke, kubandakanya iirekhodi zoqeqesho kunye nophicotho-zincwadi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-01-2025
