Ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zikaloliwe zala maxesha kuxhomekeke kumacandelo okwenziwa komgangatho wokuchaneka okumangalisayo. Embindini wale nkqubo yemizi-mveliso kukusika kwe-laser, itekhnoloji esebenzisa umqadi ogxilileyo wokukhanya ukwenza iinxalenye zentsimbi ngokuchaneka okungenakuthelekiswa nanto.
Esi sikhokelo sinika ujongo oluneenkcukacha kwimigaqo yobunjineli elawulayoumsiki laser, iphonononga izicelo zayo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kumaqumrhu kaloliwe ukuya kwizixhobo ezisecaleni kwendlela, kwaye ichaza isizathu sokuba ibe sisixhobo esisisiseko soshishino lukaloliwe.
Itekhnoloji: Indlela iLaser eyisika ngayo intsimbi
Ayisiyo "umsebe wokukhanya" nje jikelele.Inkqubo yintsebenziswano elawulwa kakhulu phakathi kokukhanya, igesi, kunye nesinyithi.
Nantsi inkqubo yenyathelo ngenyathelo:
1.Isizukulwana:Ngaphakathi kumthombo wamandla, uthotho lweediode “zimpompa” amandla kwiintambo zefiber optic eziye zafakwa kwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Oku kuyavuyisa iiathom kwaye kuvelisa ukukhanya okunamandla, okunamandla aphezulu.
2.Ukujolisa:Lo mtha, udla ngokulinganiswa phakathi kwe-6 ne-20 kilowatts (kW) ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso enzima, ihanjiswa ngentambo ye-fiber optic kwintloko yokusika. Apho, uthotho lweelensi luyigxininise ukuya kutsho kwindawo encinci, enamandla ngokumangalisayo, ngamanye amaxesha incinci kune-0.1 mm.
3.Ukusika kunye noNcedo lweGesi:Umqadi ogxininisiweyo uyanyibilika kwaye ufuze isinyithi. Ngexesha elifanayo, igesi yokuncedisa i-high-pressure igxothwa nge-nozzle efanayo ne-laser beam. Le gesi ibalulekile kwaye isebenza ngeenjongo ezimbini: ivuthela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ngokucocekileyo siphume kwindawo esikiweyo (eyaziwa ngokuba yi “kerf”) kwaye siphembelela umgangatho wesikiweyo.
Nitrogen (N2)yigesi engasebenziyo esetyenziselwa ukusika isinyithi esingenasici kunye ne-aluminiyam. Ivelisa i-edge ecocekileyo, isilivere, engena-oxide elungele ngokukhawuleza ukuwelda. Oku kubizwa ngokuba “kuxinzelelo oluphezulu lokucoceka”.
Ioksijini (O2)isetyenziselwa ukusika intsimbi yekhabhoni. Ioksijini idala i-exothermic reaction (itshisa ngenkuthalo ngentsimbi), evumela ukukhawuleza ukusika ngokukhawuleza. Umphetho obangelwayo unomaleko omncinci we-oxide owamkelekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi.
Isicelo: Ukusuka kwiiFrames eziphambili ukuya kwiiMicro-Components
Itekhnoloji yokusika iLaser isetyenziswa kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenziwa kukaloliwe, ukusuka kulwakhiwo olukhulu oluqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabakhweli ukuya kwezona zinto zincinci, zintsonkothileyo zangaphakathi. Ubuxhakaxhaka betekhnoloji buvumela ukuba busetyenziselwe uluhlu olukhulu lwamacandelo, lubonisa indima yalo ebalulekileyo ekwakheni oololiwe bale mihla kunye neziseko ezixhasayo.
Amacandelo oLwakhiwo:Le yeyona ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu. I-Lasers isetyenziselwa ukusika iibhloko eziphambili zokwakha zikaloliwe, kubandakanywa amaqokobhe omzimba wemoto, ii-underframes ezinzima ezixhasa umgangatho, kunye namacandelo e-bogie abaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko njengamafreyimu asemacaleni, imiqadi enqamlezileyo, kunye neebholsta. Ezi zihlala zenziwe ngezinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana nentsimbi ephantsi-amandla asezantsi, intsimbi ye-corten yokuxhathisa ukubola, okanye i-5000 kunye ne-6000 ye-alloys ye-aluminiyam yoluhlu olukhaphukhaphu oluhamba ngesantya esiphezulu.
Ngaphakathi kunye neNkqutyana:Ukuchaneka kubalulekile nalapha. Oku kuquka ukutsalwa kwentsimbi ye-HVAC yentsimbi engatyiwayo ekufuneka ingene kwiindawo ezixineneyo, isilingi yealuminiyam kunye neepaneli zodonga ezineendlela ezichanekileyo zokusika izibane nezithethi, iifreyimu zokuhlala, kunye nezibiyelo zentsimbi zombane obuthathaka.
Iziseko zophuhliso kunye nezitishi:Isicelo sidlulela ngaphaya koololiwe ngokwabo. IiLasers zisika iipleyiti zentsimbi ezinzima zeemasti zecatenary, izindlu zesixhobo sokubonisa umzila wetrackside, kunye neepaneli zokwakha ezintsonkothileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iifacade zezikhululo zibe zezanamhlanje.
I-Advanteji echanekileyo: Ukuntywila ngokunzulu
Igama elithi "ukuchaneka" lineenzuzo ezibonakalayo zobunjineli ezihamba ngaphaya "kokulunga okulungileyo".
Ukwenza iRobotic Automation:Ukungaguquguquki okukhethekileyo kweengxenye ze-laser-cut yiloo nto eyenza i-robotic welding ye-high-speed ibe yinyani. Irobhothi yokuwelda ilandela indlela echanekileyo, ecwangciswe kwangaphambili kwaye ayikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokwahluka phakathi kwamacandelo. Ukuba inxalenye yimilimitha ngaphandle kwendawo, i-weld yonke inokusilela. Ngenxa yokuba ukusika kwe-laser kuvelisa amacandelo afanayo ngalo lonke ixesha, ibonelela ngokuthembeka okungagungqiyo okufunwa ziinkqubo ezizenzekelayo ukuba zisebenze ngaphandle komthungo nangokufanelekileyo.
Ukunciphisa uMmandla oChaphazeleke bubushushu (HAZ):Xa usika isinyithi ngobushushu, indawo ejikeleze ukusikwa nayo iyatshisa, enokuthi itshintshe iimpawu zayo (njengokuyenza ibe brittle). Lo nguMmandla oChatshazelwe bubushushu (HAZ). Ngenxa yokuba i-laser igxile kakhulu, yazisa ubushushu obuncinci kakhulu kwindawo, idala i-HAZ encinci. Oku kubalulekile kuba kuthetha ukuba ulwakhiwo lwentembeko yesinyithi ecaleni kwendlela yokusikwa ihlala ingatshintshanga, iqinisekisa ukuba imathiriyeli yenza kanye njengoko iinjineli ziyilelwe.
Imeko yeShishini: Ukulinganisa iiNzuzo
Iinkampani azityali izigidi kule teknoloji ngenxa yokuba ichanekile. Imbuyekezo yezemali neyolungiselelo ibalulekile.
Usetyenziso Lwezinto Ezikwinqanaba Eliphezulu:Isoftware "yokuhlala" ehlakaniphile ingundoqo. Ayidibanisi kuphela iinxalenye ndawonye njengephazili kodwa ikwasebenzisa iindlela eziphambili ezifana nokusikwa komgca oqhelekileyo, apho iindawo ezimbini ezimeleneyo zisikwa ngomgca omnye, zishenxisa ngokupheleleyo inkunkuma phakathi kwazo. Oku kunokutyhala ukusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli ukusuka kwi-75% ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-90%, konga izixa ezikhulu kwiindleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada.
"Izibane-ziKhanya" Ukwenziwa:Abasiki belaser banamhlanje bahlala bedityaniswa kunye neenqaba zokulayisha / zokukhulula ngokuzenzekelayo. Ezi nkqubo zinokubamba intaphane yamaphepha ezinto ezikrwada kwaye zigcine iindawo ezigqityiweyo. Oku kuvumela umatshini ukuba aqhube ngokuqhubekayo ubusuku bonke kunye neempelaveki kunye nokujongwa okuncinci komntu-ingcamango eyaziwa ngokuba "izibane eziphumayo" zokuvelisa-ukwandisa imveliso.
Ukuphucula ukuSebenza okupheleleyo:Iinzuzo ziphindaphindeka ezantsi.
1. Akukho Ngxobhozo:Ukusika kokuqala okucocekileyo kuphelisa isidingo sesikhululo sokugaya sesibini sokususa imiphetho ebukhali. Oku kusindisa ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zabasebenzi, kuphucula ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi ngokususa iingozi zokugaya, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuhamba komsebenzi wemveliso.
2. Akukho msebenzi kwakhona:Iinxalenye ezisikwe ngokuchanekileyo ziqinisekisa ukufaneleka ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuphelisa uhlengahlengiso lwezandla oluchitha ixesha ngexesha lokuhlanganisa. Oku kukhawulezisa ngokuthe ngqo isantya semveliso, kwandisa imveliso, kwaye kukhokelela kwimveliso yokugqibela ekumgangatho ophezulu.
3. Ikhonkco loNikezo elenziwe Lula:Ukusika iinxalenye ezifunekayo kwiifayile zedijithali kunciphisa imfuno yokugcina iimpahla ezinkulu, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcina, ukunciphisa inkunkuma, kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Isixhobo esiLungileyo soMsebenzi: Uthelekiso olwandisiweyo
Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo esifanelekileyo kwindawo yokwenziwa kwezobugcisa kugqitywa ngohlalutyo oluguquguqukayo oluninzi lwesantya sokuvelisa, ukunyamezela ngokuchanekileyo, iindleko zokusebenza, kunye neempawu zezinto eziphathekayo. Ngenxa yoko, i-laser ayisosisombululo esisebenzayo jikelele.
| Indlela | Engcono Kwi | Uncedo olungundoqo | Ukusilela okungundoqo |
| Ukusika iFayibha Laser | Ukusika okuphezulu kumaphepha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25mm (i-intshi enye) ubukhulu. Ilungele insimbi engenasici kunye ne-aluminium. | Ukuchaneka okungahambelaniyo, imiphetho ecocekileyo, i-HAZ encinci kakhulu, kunye nesantya esiphezulu kwizinto ezincinci. | Iindleko eziphezulu zokuqala. Ayisebenzi kangako kwiipleyiti ezishinyene kakhulu. |
| I-Plasma | Ukusika iipleyiti zentsimbi ezishinyeneyo (> 25mm) ngokukhawuleza apho umgangatho ogqibeleleyo womphetho awungowona uphambili. | Isantya esiphezulu kakhulu sokusika kwizinto ezishinyeneyo kunye neendleko zokuqala ezisezantsi kunelaser enamandla amakhulu. | I-HAZ enkulu, ayichanekanga kangako, kwaye ivelisa incam ebhijethi esoloko ifuna ukucolwa. |
| Ijethi yamanzi | Ukusika nayiphi na into (intsimbi, ilitye, iglasi, i-composites) ngaphandle kobushushu, ngokukodwa i-alloys evakalelwa ngubushushu okanye isinyithi esinzima kakhulu. | Akukho HAZ kwaphela, ukuphela komda ogudileyo, kunye nokuguquguquka kwezinto ezininzi. | Icotha kakhulu kunelaser okanye iplasma, kwaye ineendleko eziphezulu zokusebenza ngenxa yeebrasives kunye nokugcinwa kwempompo. |
Ukuqukumbela, ukusika i-fiber laser kungaphezulu lee kunendlela yokubumba isinyithi; bubuchwephesha obusisiseko kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwedijithali kushishino lukaloliwe lwanamhlanje. Ixabiso layo lilele ekudityanisweni okunamandla kokuchaneka okugqithisileyo, ukuveliswa kwesantya esiphezulu, kunye nokudibanisa okunzulu kunye neenkqubo ezibanzi zefektri.
Ngokuvumela i-automation ephucukileyo efana ne-robotic welding, ukunciphisa uMmandla oChatshazelwe bubushushu ukugcina amandla ezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokubonelela ngomgangatho ongenasiphako womphetho ofunekayo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko efana ne-EN 15085, iye yaba sisixhobo esingaxoxisiyo.
Ekugqibeleni, ukusika i-laser kubonelela ngengqiniseko yobunjineli kunye nesiqinisekiso somgangatho oyimfuneko ukwakha iindlela zikaloliwe ezikhuselekileyo, ezithembekileyo, kunye nezobuchwepheshe eziphucukileyo zanamhlanje.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-22-2025
