Ukukhetha igesi efanelekileyo yokuncedisa i-laser welding sesinye sezona zigqibo zibalulekileyo oza kuzenza, kodwa ihlala ingaqondwa. Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni i-laser weld ebonakala igqibelele yasilela phantsi koxinzelelo? Impendulo inokuba semoyeni… okanye kunoko, kwirhasi ethile oyisebenzisayo ukukhusela intsimbi.
Le gesi, ekwabizwa ngokuba yirhasi ekhuselayo yelaser welding, ayisosongezo esikhethiweyo; yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo. Yenza imisebenzi emithathu engaxoxisiyo emisela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho, amandla, kunye nenkangeleko yemveliso yakho yokugqibela.
Ikhusela iWeld:Irhasi yokuncedisa idala iqamza elikhuselayo elijikeleze isinyithi esityhidiweyo, liyikhusela kwiigesi zomoya ojikeleze umoya njengeoksijini kunye nenitrogen. Ngaphandle kweli khaka, ufumana iziphene eziyingozi njenge-oxidation (i-weld ebuthathaka, enemibala) kunye ne-porosity (amaqamza amancinci abeka esichengeni amandla).
Iqinisekisa amandla apheleleyo eLaser:Njengoko i-laser ibetha isinyithi, inokudala "ilifu leplasma." Eli lifu linokuthi ngokwenene lithintele kwaye lisasaze amandla e-laser, likhokelela kwiiwelds ezingekho nzulu, ezibuthathaka. Irhasi elungileyo ivuthela le plasma, iqinisekisa ukuba amandla apheleleyo elaser yakho afikelela kwindawo yokusebenza.
Ikhusela izixhobo zakho:Umjelo werhasi ukwathintela umphunga wesinyithi kunye nesitshizi ukuba ungabhabheli phezulu kwaye ungcolise ilensi yokugxila ebiza kakhulu kwintloko yakho yelaser, ukukusindisa kwixesha elibiza kakhulu kunye nokulungiswa.
Ukukhetha iGesi yokuKhusela kwi-Laser Welding: Abakhuphisi abaphambili
Ukukhetha kwakho igesi kubilisa ukuya kubadlali abathathu abaphambili: iArgon, iNitrogen, kunye neHelium. Bacinge njengeengcali ezahlukeneyo onokuthi uziqeshele umsebenzi. Ngamnye unamandla awodwa, ubuthathaka, kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zokusetyenziswa.
IArgon (Ar): I-All-Rounder ethembekileyo
IArgon lihashe lomsebenzi wehlabathi welding. Yigesi engasebenziyo, okuthetha ukuba ayisayi kusabela ngedama elinyibilikisiweyo. Ikwanzima kunomoya, ngoko ke ibonelela ngokugqwesileyo, isikhuselo esizinzileyo ngaphandle kokufuna amazinga okuqukuqela aphezulu kakhulu.
Engcono kwi:Uluhlu olukhulu lwemathiriyeli, kubandakanya i-aluminiyam, intsimbi engatyiwa, kunye neentsimbi ezisebenzayo ngakumbi njenge-titanium. I-Argon laser welding yeyona ndlela yokuya kwiifayibha lasers kuba ihambisa i-weld ecocekileyo, eqaqambileyo, negudileyo.
Ingqwalasela ephambili:Inomthamo ophantsi we-ionization. Ngamandla aphezulu kakhulu e-CO₂ lasers, inokuba negalelo ekwenziweni kweplasma, kodwa uninzi lwezicelo zefiber laser zanamhlanje, lukhetho olugqibeleleyo.
I-Nitrojeni (N₂): uMsebenzi oNgexabiso
I-Nitrogen lukhetho olulungele uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kodwa ungavumeli ixabiso eliphantsi likukhohlise. Kwisicelo esifanelekileyo, akusiyo nje ikhaka; ngumthathi-nxaxheba osebenzayo onokuthi ngenene ukuphucula i-weld.
Engcono kwi:Amabakala athile ensimbi engenasici. Ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen ye-laser welding welding steel stainless steel inokusebenza njenge-alloying agent, ukuzinzisa isakhiwo sangaphakathi sesinyithi ukuphucula amandla oomatshini kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.
Ingqwalasela ephambili:I-nitrogen yigesi esebenzayo. Ukuyisebenzisa kwizinto ezingalunganga, njenge-titanium okanye ezinye iintsimbi zekhabhoni, yindlela yokujongana nentlekele. Iya kusabela ngetsimbi kwaye ibangele i-embrittlement enzima, ekhokelela kwi-weld enokuqhekeka kwaye ingaphumeleli.
I-Helium (Yena): Ingcali yoMsebenzi oPhezulu
IHelium yeyona nkwenkwezi ibiza kakhulu. Ine-conductivity ephezulu kakhulu ye-thermal kunye ne-ionization ephezulu kakhulu enokubakho, iyenza ibe yintshatsheli engenakuphikiswa yokucinezelwa kweplasma.
Engcono kwi:I-welding yokungena nzulu kwizinto ezishinyeneyo okanye eziqhuba kakhulu njenge-aluminiyam nobhedu. Ikwalukhetho oluphezulu lwee-laser ze-CO₂ eziphezulu, ezinokuthi zichaphazeleke kakhulu ekubunjweni kweplasma.
Ingqwalasela ephambili:Iindleko. I-Helium iyabiza, kwaye ngenxa yokuba ilula kakhulu, udinga amazinga aphezulu okuhamba ukuze ufumane isikhuselo esaneleyo, ukwandisa ngakumbi iindleko zokusebenza.
Uthelekiso lwerhasi olukhawulezayo
| Irhasi | Umsebenzi oPhambili | Isiphumo kwi-Weld | Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo |
| IArgon (Ar) | Izikhuselo zitshiselwa emoyeni | Inert kakhulu kwi weld ecocekileyo. Inkqubo ezinzileyo, ukubonakala kakuhle. | I-Titanium, iAluminiyam, iNtsimbi engatyiwayo |
| I-nitrogen (N₂) | Ikhusela i-oxidation | Ixabiso elisebenzayo, ukugqiba okucocekileyo. Inokwenza ezinye iintsimbi zibe brittle. | Intsimbi engatyiwa, iAluminiyam |
| Helium (Yena) | Ukungena okunzulu kunye noxinzelelo lweplasma | Ivumela iiweld ezinzulu, ezibanzi ngesantya esiphezulu. Iyabiza. | Izinto ezityebileyo, ikopolo, ukuwelda kwamandla aphezulu |
| Imixube yegesi | Ibhalansi yeendleko kunye nokusebenza | Udibanisa izibonelelo (umzekelo, ukuzinza kwe-Ar + Ukungena). | Ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ukuphucula iiprofayili ze-weld |
Ukukhethwa kweGesi ye-Laser Welding: Ukufanisa iGas kwiMetal
Ithiyori ilungile, kodwa uyisebenzisa njani? Nasi isikhokelo esithe ngqo sezona mathiriyeli zixhaphakileyo.
Welding Stainless Steel
Uneendlela ezimbini ezibalaseleyo zokukhetha apha. Kwiintsimbi ze-austenitic kunye ne-duplex, i-Nitrogen okanye i-Nitrogen-Argon blend idla ngokuba yeyona nto iphezulu. Yongeza i-microstructure kwaye yongeza amandla e-weld. Ukuba umba ophambili wakho ucocekile ngokugqibeleleyo, ukugqiba okuqaqambileyo ngaphandle kokudibana kweekhemikhali, iArgon ecocekileyo yindlela yokuhamba.
Welding Aluminiyam
I-aluminiyam inenkohliso kuba ikhupha ubushushu ngokukhawuleza. Kwizicelo ezininzi, iArgon esulungekileyo lukhetho olusemgangathweni ngenxa yokhuselo olumangalisayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba udibanisa amacandelo atyebileyo (ngaphezulu kwe-3-4 mm), umxube weArgon-Helium ngumdlalo wokutshintsha. I-helium inika i-punch eyongezelelweyo ye-thermal efunekayo ukufezekisa ukungena okunzulu, okuhambelanayo.
Welding Titanium
Kukho umthetho omnye kuphela we-welding titanium: sebenzisa i-Argon ephezulu. Ungaze usebenzise iNitrojeni okanye nawuphi na umxube werhasi oqulethe iigesi ezisebenzayo. I-nitrojeni iya kusabela kunye ne-titanium, idala i-titanium nitrides eyenza i-weld ibe brittle ngokumangalisayo kwaye imiselwe ukusilela. Ukukhusela okubanzi kunye negesi elandelwayo kunye nokuxhaswa kwakhona kunyanzelekile ukukhusela isinyithi esipholileyo nakuphi na ukudibana nomoya.
Ingcebiso yeNgcali:Abantu bahlala bezama ukugcina imali ngokunciphisa izinga lokuhamba kwegesi, kodwa le yimpazamo yakudala. Iindleko zeweld enye engaphumeleliyo ngenxa ye-oxidation yodlula kakhulu iindleko zokusebenzisa isixa esichanekileyo segesi yokukhusela. Soloko uqala ngesantya sokuhamba esicetyiswayo kwisicelo sakho kwaye uhlengahlengise ukusuka apho.
Ukujongana neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ze-Laser Welding Defects
Ukuba ubona iingxaki kwii-welds zakho, igesi yakho yokuncedisa yenye yezinto zokuqala ekufuneka uziphande.
Ukufakwa kwi-Oxidation kunye noKutshintsha umbala:Olu lolona phawu lucacileyo lokungakhuseli kakuhle. Irhasi yakho ayikhuseli i-weld kwioksijini. Ulungiso luqhele ukunyusa izinga lokuhamba kwerhasi okanye ujonge umlomo wakho kunye nenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwerhasi ukuba iyavuza okanye ivaleke.
I-Porosity (Amaqamza erhasi):Esi siphene senza buthathaka i-weld ukusuka ngaphakathi. Isenokubangelwa yisantya sokuqukuqela esisezantsi kakhulu (akukho khuseleko lwaneleyo) okanye leyo iphezulu kakhulu, enokuthi idale isiphithiphithi kunye nokutsala umoya kwi-weld pool.
UkuNgena okungangqinelaniyo:Ukuba ubunzulu bakho be-weld bugcwele yonke indawo, unokuba ujongana neplasma evimba i-laser. Oku kuqhelekileyo kwi-CO2 iilaser. Isisombululo kukutshintshela kwigesi kunye nokunciphisa i-plasma engcono, njenge-Helium okanye i-Helium-Argon mix.
Izihloko eziphambili: Imixube yegesi kunye neentlobo zeLaser
Amandla eMixube yeQhinga
Ngamanye amaxesha, igesi enye ayiyicimi. Imixube yerhasi isetyenziselwa ukufumana "okungcono kuwo omabini amazwe."
IArgon-Helium (Ar/He):Idibanisa ikhuselo elibalaseleyo leArgon ngobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokucinezelwa kweplasma yeHelium. Ifanelekile kwiiwelds ezinzulu kwi-aluminium.
IArgon-Hydrogen (Ar/H₂):Isixa esincinci se-hydrogen (1-5%) sinokusebenza "njenge-arhente yokunciphisa" kwinsimbi engenasici, ukukhupha i-oksijini elahlekileyo ukuvelisa i-weld bead eqaqambileyo, ecocekileyo.
CO₂ vs.Ifayibha: Ukukhetha iLaser elungileyo
CO₂ Lasers:Bachaphazeleka kakhulu ekubunjweni kweplasma. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-Helium ebiza kakhulu ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-CO yamandla aphezulu2 izicelo.
IFayibha Lasers:Abachanekanga kakhulu kwimiba yeplasma. Le nzuzo intle ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise iigesi ezingabizi kakhulu njengeArgon kunye neNitrogen kuninzi lwemisebenzi ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza.
Umgca ongezantsi
Ukukhetha i-laser welding assist gas yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yeparameter, kungekhona emva kokucinga. Ngokuqonda imisebenzi ephambili yokukhusela, ukukhusela amehlo akho, kunye nokulawula iplasma, unokwenza ukhetho olunolwazi. Soloko uthelekisa irhasi kwizinto kunye neemfuno ezithile zesicelo sakho.
Ngaba ukulungele ukwenza inkqubo yakho yokuwelda i-laser kunye nokuphelisa iziphene ezinxulumene negesi? Hlaziya ukhetho lwakho lwerhasi yangoku ngokuchasene nezi zikhokelo kwaye ubone ukuba utshintsho olulula lunokukhokelela ekuphuculeni okukhulu kumgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-19-2025
