Kwimveliso yanamhlanje, ukukhethwa kwenkqubo yokusika efanelekileyo sisigqibo esibalulekileyo esichaphazela isantya semveliso, iindleko zokusebenza, kunye nomgangatho wokugqibela wenxalenye. Eli nqaku libonisa uthelekiso oluqhutywa yidatha lwetekhnoloji ezimbini ezibalaseleyo: ukusika i-laser yefayibha enamandla aphezulu kunye nokusika i-waterjet erhabaxa.
Ihlalutya iimetrikhi zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo kuquka ukuhambelana kwezinto, i-Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ), isantya sokucubungula, ukunyamezelana okulinganayo, kunye neendleko zizonke zobunini. Uhlalutyo lugqiba kwelokuba nangona itekhnoloji ye-waterjet isabalulekile kwintsebenzo yayo eguquguqukayo kunye nenkqubo "yokusika okubandayo", ukuqhubela phambili kwi-laser zefayibha ezinamandla aphezulu kuzibeke njengomgangatho wokwenziwa kwemveliso okukhawulezayo nokuchaneka okuphezulu kuluhlu olukhulayo lwezixhobo kunye nobukhulu.
Imigaqo Ekhokelayo Yokukhetha Inkqubo
Ukukhethwa kwenkqubo yokusika kuxhomekeke kutshintshiselwano phakathi kwamandla obushushu elaser kunye namandla oomatshini ejethi yamanzi.
Ukusika ngeLaser:Le nkqubo iboniswe kwizicelo apho isantya esiphezulu, ukuchaneka okuntsonkothileyo, kunye nokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo zezona mfuno ziphambili. Isebenza kakhulu kwisinyithi ezifana nentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium, kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-acrylics, ngokubanzi ngobukhulu obungaphantsi kwe-25mm (1 intshi). Itekhnoloji ye-laser yefayibha enamandla aphezulu lilitye lesiseko lokuvelisa ngomthamo ophezulu, nexabiso eliphantsi ngo-2025.
Ukusika iWaterjet:Le nkqubo sisisombululo esikhethwayo kwizinto ezityebileyo kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-50mm okanye i-2 intshi) okanye kwizinto apho naluphi na ukufakelwa kobushushu kungavumelekanga. Ezi zinto ziquka ii-alloys ezithile ezibalulekileyo zeenqwelo-moya, izinto ezidityanisiweyo, kunye namatye, apho uhlobo "lokunqunyulwa okubandayo" lwenkqubo luyimfuneko yobunjineli eyimfuneko.
Uthelekiso loBugcisa
Umahluko ophambili kwiziphumo phakathi kwezi teknoloji zimbini uqhutywa yimithombo yazo yamandla.
Uthelekiso loBugcisa olwandisiweyo lweFiber Laser kunye nokuSika iAbrasive Waterjet
| Uphawu | Ukusika i-Waterjet erhabaxa | |
| Inkqubo Eyintloko | Ubushushu (Amandla eFoton aGxinisiweyo) | Umatshini (Ukukhukuliseka kweSupersonic) |
| Ukuhambelana kwezinto | Igqibelele kwiMetals, ilungele iOrganic | Ephantse ibe yiUniversal (Iintsimbi, amatye, iiComposites, njl.njl.) |
| Izinto Ekufuneka Ziphephe | I-PVC, iPolycarbonate, iFiberglass | Iglasi enomsindo, iiCeramics ezithile ezithambileyo |
| Isantya (intsimbi engagqwaliyo enobukhulu obuyi-1mm) | Okungaqhelekanga (Ii-intshi ezili-1000-3000 ngomzuzu) | Icotha(1)0-100ii-intshi ngomzuzu) |
| Ububanzi beKerf | Ilunge Kakhulu (≈0.1mm/ 0.004″) | Banzi (≈0.75mm/ 0.03″) |
| Ukunyamezelana | Iqine ngakumbi (± 0.05mm/ ± 0.002″) | Igqwesile (± 0.13mm/ ± 0.005″) |
| Indawo Echaphazeleka Bubushushu | Okwangoku kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa | Akukho nanye |
| I-Edge Taper | Okuncinci ukuya kokungafumanekiyo | Okwangoku, kudla ngokufuna imbuyekezo ye-5-axis |
| Ukugqiba kwesibini | Kusenokufuneka ukuba kususwe uthuli | Idla ngokuphelisa ukugqitywa kwesibini |
| Ingqwalasela yoLondolozo | I-Optics, i-Resonator, ukuhanjiswa kwegesi | Impompo yoXinzelelo oluPhezulu, iziTywina, iiOrifices |
Uhlalutyo lweeMba ezibalulekileyo
Ubuchule bezinto kunye nobukhulus
Amandla aphambili okusika i-waterjet kukukwazi kwayo ukucubungula phantse nayiphi na into, inzuzo ebalulekileyo kwiindawo zemisebenzi ekufuneka zilungelelanise nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwi-granite ukuya kwi-titanium ukuya kwi-foam.
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezicelo zoshishino lugxile kwisinyithi kunye neplastiki, apho iteknoloji yelaser yanamhlanje inamandla kakhulu. Iinkqubo zelaser yefayibha zenzelwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwintsimbi, intsimbi engatyiwayo, ialuminiyam, ubhedu, kunye nobhedu. Xa zongezwa ziilaser zeCO₂, ezine-wavelength ende ye-infrared efunxwa ngcono zizinto eziphilayo ezifana nomthi kunye ne-acrylic, umsebenzi osekelwe kwilaser ugubungela uluhlu olukhulu lweemfuno zokuvelisa ngesantya esiphezulu.
Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo yelaser icocekile kwaye yomile, ayivelisi daka olurhabaxa olufuna ukuphathwa nokulahlwa okubiza kakhulu.
Ukuchaneka, Ukugqitywa koMda, kunye nokulawula ukungapheleli
Xa kuvavanywa ukuchaneka kunye nokugqitywa komphetho, zombini ezi teknoloji zinezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zifuna ingqwalasela ethile.
Amandla aphambili e-laser kukuchaneka kwayo okugqwesileyo. I-kerf yayo ecolekileyo kakhulu kunye nokuchaneka kwayo okuphezulu kuvumela ukudalwa kweepateni ezintsonkothileyo, iikona ezibukhali, kunye neempawu ezineenkcukacha ezinzima ukuzifezekisa ngezinye iindlela. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo idala iNdawo encinci echaphazelekayo kubushushu (HAZ)—umda omxinwa apho izinto zitshintshwa ngamandla obushushu. Kwinxalenye enkulu yezixhobo ezenziweyo, le ndawo incinci kwaye ayinampembelelo kwisakhiwo sayo.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, inkqubo ye-waterjet "yokusika ngokubandayo" yeyona nzuzo yayo iphambili, njengoko ishiya isakhiwo sezinto singatshintshanga ngokupheleleyo bubushushu. Oku kuyisusa ngokupheleleyo inkxalabo ye-HAZ. Ukutshintshiselana kukwenzeka kwe-"taper" encinci, okanye i-engile enomfanekiso we-V, kumphetho osikiweyo, ingakumbi kwizinto ezityebileyo. Oku kungafezeki koomatshini kunokulawulwa, kodwa kudla ngokufuna ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokusika ezintsonkothileyo nezibizayo ze-5-axis ukuqinisekisa umda othe nkqo ngokugqibeleleyo.
Isantya kunye neXesha loMjikelo
Umahluko ophambili wokusebenza phakathi kwetekhnoloji ye-laser kunye ne-waterjet yisantya senkqubo kunye nempembelelo yaso kwixesha elipheleleyo lomjikelo. Kwizinyithi zeshiti ezi-thin-gauge, i-laser yefayibha enamandla aphezulu ifikelela kwisantya sokusika esiphindwe kalishumi ukuya kuma-20 kuneso se-waterjet. Le nzuzo idibaniswa yi-kinematics ephezulu yeenkqubo ze-laser, ezibonisa ukukhawulezisa okuphezulu kwe-gantry kunye nesantya sokuhamba phakathi kokusikwa. Iindlela eziphambili ezifana nokubhoboza "on-the-fly" zinciphisa amaxesha angasebenziyo. Isiphumo esidibeneyo kukunciphisa okukhulu ixesha elifunekayo ukucubungula uyilo oluntsonkothileyo olunezidleke, okukhokelela ekuphumeni okuphezulu kunye nokulinganisa iindleko ngenxalenye nganye.
Ixabiso Elipheleleyo Lobunini (i-CAPEX, i-OPEX kunye noLondolozo)
Nangona inkqubo ye-waterjet isenokuba neendleko zokuqala eziphantsi (i-CAPEX), uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lweendleko kufuneka lugxile kwindleko yokusebenza kwexesha elide (i-OPEX). Ixabiso elinye elikhulu lokusebenza kwe-waterjet kukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-garnet erhabaxa. Le ndleko iphindaphindayo, kunye nemfuno ephezulu yombane yepompo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokugcinwa okubalulekileyo kwee-nozzles, izitywini, kunye nee-orifices, ziqokelelana ngokukhawuleza. Oku kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kuqwalaselwe ukucoca kunye nokulahla udaka olurhabaxa olunzima.
I-laser yefayibha yanamhlanje, ngokwahlukileyo koko, isebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yigesi kwaye inceda igesi. Ngenxa yeendleko zokusebenza zemihla ngemihla eziphantsi kunye nokugcinwa okuqikelelweyo, indawo yokusebenza iyonke icocekile, izolile kwaye ikhuselekile.
Ingxoxo ngezicelo eziphambili kunye neendlela ezisetyenziswayo
Kwimisebenzi ekhethekileyo kakhulu, ezi teknoloji zinokuncedisana. Umenzi angasebenzisa i-waterjet ukusika ibhloko etyebileyo ye-Inconel (ukuphepha uxinzelelo lobushushu), aze ayidlulisele loo nxalenye kwi-laser ukuze igqitywe ngokuchanekileyo, idale iimpawu, kwaye ikrole iinombolo zenxalenye. Oku kubonisa ukuba injongo yokugqibela ekuvelisweni okunzima kukusebenzisa isixhobo esifanelekileyo kumsebenzi ngamnye othile.
Ukufika kwee-laser zefayibha ezinamandla aphezulu kuyitshintshile kakhulu imeko. Ezi nkqubo ngoku zinokulungisa izinto ezijiyileyo ngesantya esimangalisayo nomgangatho, zibonelela ngenye indlela ekhawulezayo nengabizi kakhulu endaweni yee-waterjets kuluhlu lweentsimbi ezininzi—indawo eyayikhe yasetyenziselwa ii-waterjets kuphela.
Kwi-prototyping ekhawulezayo equka i-sheet metal, iplastiki, okanye umthi, isantya se-laser sisibonelelo esikhethekileyo. Ukukwazi ukuphinda-phinda ngokusebenzisa iinguqulelo ezininzi zoyilo emva kwemini enye kwenza umjikelo wophuhliso lwemveliso okhawulezayo nolukhawulezayo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqwalaselwa ngokoqobo kwendawo yokusebenza kubalulekile. Ukusika nge-laser yinkqubo equlethweyo, ethuleyo enokukhupha umsi odibeneyo, ngelixa ukusika nge-waterjet yinkqubo enomsindo kakhulu edla ngokufuna igumbi elizimeleyo kwaye ibandakanya ulawulo olungcolileyo lwamanzi kunye nodaka olurhabaxa.
Isiphelo
Nangona ukusika i-waterjet kusasisixhobo esixabisekileyo kwiseti ethile yezicelo ezichazwe bubuntununtunu bezinto okanye ubukhulu obugqithisileyo, indlela yokuvelisa yanamhlanje ibonisa ngokucacileyo isantya, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuchaneka kwetekhnoloji ye-laser. Ukuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kumandla e-fiber laser, iinkqubo zolawulo, kunye nokuzisebenzela ngokuzenzekelayo kwandisa amandla ayo minyaka le.
Uhlalutyo lwesantya, iindleko zokusebenza, kunye nokuchaneka kubonisa ukuba uninzi lwezicelo zokusika zoshishino ezisebenzisa umthamo omkhulu, iteknoloji yelaser iye yaba lolona khetho lubalaseleyo. Kumashishini ajonge ukwandisa imveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko ngenxalenye, kunye nokusebenza kwindawo ecocekileyo nezenzekelayo ngakumbi, inkqubo yokusika ilaser yanamhlanje imele utyalo-mali olucwangcisiweyo lwekamva elinokhuphiswano.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-30-2025
