Ukucocwa kweLaser yindlela yanamhlanje yokucoca imiphezulu. Le teknoloji imangalisayo isebenzisa imiqadi yelaser enamandla ukususa ubumdaka, ipeyinti endala, kunye nomhlwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ngendlela elawulwa kakhulu nechanekileyo. I-laser ibetha izinto ezingafunekiyo. Xa oku kusenzeka, ukungcola okanye ukutyabeka kuguquke kube ngumphunga okanye kuqhawuke kude kumphezulu kuba i-laser iyenza ishushu kwaye yande ngokukhawuleza. Ukucocwa kweLaser kungcono kwimo engqongileyo kuneendlela zakudala zokucoca. Le teknoloji inokucoca izinto ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokonakalisa okungaphantsi.
Amashishini amaninzi awohlukeneyo ngoku asebenzisa ukucoca ngelaser ukwenza umsebenzi wawo. Iinkampani ezenza iinqwelomoya, iimoto, izinto zombane, kunye nabantu abalungisa izinto zakudala zembali bafumanise ukuba iilaser zilungile ekucoceni. Indlela isebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekucoceni izixhobo zokwenza amatayara. Abasebenzi bakwayisebenzisa ukukhulula ipeyinti kwiinqwelomoya kwaye bacoce ngononophelo amaqhekeza amadala emyuziyam afuna inkathalelo ekhethekileyo.
Ngaphambi kokucoca ngelaser, abantu basebenzisa ezinye iindlela ezininzi zokucoca izinto:
1.Uqhushululu lwesanti ludubula amasuntswana esanti ngesantya esiphezulu ukucoca umphezulu. Nangona le ndlela isebenza kakuhle, inokukrwela izinto phezulu kwaye idale uthuli olubi ukuphefumla.
2.Ukucoca ngamachiza kusebenzisa ulwelo olukhethekileyo ukuqhekeza ubumdaka. Le michiza inokuyonakalisa indalo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha yonakalise izinto ezicocwayo.
3.Ukucoca ngeUltrasonic kudala amaqamza amancinci usebenzisa amaza omsindo ongawevayo. Le ndlela ithambileyo isebenza kakuhle kwizinto ezincinci, ezibuthathaka kodwa ayisebenzi ekucoceni izinto ezinkulu.
4.Ukucoca umkhenkce okomileyo kusebenzisa oomatshini abakhethekileyo ukudubula ikharbon diokside engumkhenkce kwiindawo ezimdaka. Indlela ayishiyi mdaka ngasemva, kodwa ukuqhuba izixhobo kubiza imali eninzi.
Ukucocwa kweLaser kuneenzuzo ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokucoca. Ezi mpawu ziluncedo ziyenza ibonakale njengokhetho olungcono kwimisebenzi emininzi yokucoca:
Ukusebenzisa iilaser kuthetha ukuba akukho nto ichukumisa umphezulu ococwayo. Ukukhanya kwelaser kususa ubumdaka kunye neengubo ezindala ngaphandle kokukrwela okanye ukonakalisa into engaphantsi, iyenza igqibelele ukucoca izinto zexabiso. Le ndlela ayisebenzisi nayiphi na imichiza eyingozi. Ekubeni kungekho nkunkuma eyingozi eyenziwayo, ukucocwa kwe-laser kunceda ukukhusela indawo yethu.
I-Lasers inokucoca amabala athile ngokuchaneka okukhulu. Inkqubo yokucoca igcina imali ngokuhamba kwexesha kuba isebenzisa izinto ezincinci kwaye idinga abasebenzi abambalwa ukwenza umsebenzi wenziwe.
Basebenza njani abacoci belaser? Xa ukukhanya kwelaser kubetha ubumdaka okanye umhlwa, izinto ezingafunwayo zifunxa amandla e-laser. Oku kwenza ukuba ubumdaka buqhekeke, bujike bube ngumphunga, okanye butshe buphele ngokukhawuleza. Abantu abasebenzisa i-laser banokuhlengahlengisa ukuba yomelele kangakanani kwaye ibaleka ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokucoca ngelaser:
1.Indlela yokuqala isebenzisa i-laser ngokwayo. Ukugqabhuka okukhawulezileyo kokukhanya kwelaser kubethe umphezulu omdaka, kwenze ubumdaka bufudume bufudume buphume okanye bushukume buyeke ukungcangcazela. Le ndlela isebenza kakuhle kwimisebenzi yokucoca enzima.
2.Indlela yesibini iqala ngokubeka umaleko obhityileyo wolwelo phezu komhlaba. Xa i-laser ibetha olu gqumo lumanzi, ijikela ulwelo lube ngumphunga ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba yenze ugqabhuko-dubulo oluncinane. Oku kuqhushumba kuncinci kunceda ukutyhala ukungcola ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa umphezulu obuthathaka onokuthi wonakaliswe kukukhanya okuthe ngqo kwelaser.
· I-Computer Chip kunye ne-Electronics Industry Ukwenza iitshiphu zekhompyutha kufuna iimeko ezicocekileyo kakhulu. Eyona ndawo incinci yobumdaka inokonakalisa la malungu acekeceke e-elektroniki, ke abavelisi basebenzisa ukucoca ngelaser ukususa amasuntswana amancinane ngaphandle kokwenza nawuphi na umonakalo. Oku kunceda ukugcina umgca wemveliso usebenza kakuhle. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-laser ziqinisekisa ukuba yonke indawo icoceke ngokugqibeleleyo, enceda iitshiphusi zihlale ixesha elide.
· I-Metal Treatment Lasers zilungile ekucoceni isinyithi. Phambi kokuba abapeyinti okanye abachwethezi basebenze kumphezulu wentsimbi, kufuneka basuse umhlwa, ukungcola, kunye nezinto zokwaleka ezindala besebenzisa imiqadi yelaser enamandla ehluba izinto ezingafunekiyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa intsimbi engaphantsi. Le ndlela isebenza kakuhle ngakumbi ekucoceni iinqwelomoya, iimoto, kunye neenqanawa, apho ukuba neendawo ezicocekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho.
· Iinqwelomoya nemizi-mveliso yeemoto Iinqwelomoya zifuna ukhathalelo olulodwa xa zicocwa. Ukucoca ngelaser kunceda abasebenzi basuse ngokukhuselekileyo ipeyinti endala kunye nobumdaka kwiindawo zenqwelomoya ngaphandle kokwenza buthathaka isinyithi, okunokuba yingozi ukuba kwenziwe kakubi. Ishishini leemoto likwasebenzisa iilaser ukucoca ukungunda kwamatayara, ukwenza iiwelds ezingcono, kunye nokususa ubumdaka kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zenjini ngendlela ekhawulezayo nekhuselekileyo.
· UkuGcinwa koBugcisa kunye neMbali Umsebenzi wobugcisa omdala ufuna ukucocwa ngobunono ukuze uhlale ukwimo entle. Abasebenzi bemyuziyam basebenzisa iilaser ukususa ngononophelo ukungcola kunye nomonakalo onxulumene nobudala kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo emidala kunye nemizobo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukwenzakala kwezi zinto zixabisekileyo. Le ndlela yokucoca ngocoselelo iye yanceda ukugcina imisebenzi yobugcisa emininzi yakudala enokuthi yonakaliswe ziindlela zokucoca eziqatha.
· Iifektri zoMsebenzi weFactory zisebenzisa ukucoca ngelaser ukugcina oomatshini babo besebenza kakuhle. Le ndlela yokucoca yanamhlanje inceda ukususa amafutha kunye nokungcola ngokukhawuleza, oku kuthetha ukuba oomatshini akufuneki bahlale becinyiwe ixesha elide ngexesha lokucoca. Abasebenzi banokucoca iinxalenye ngempumelelo ngakumbi ngeelaser, ukunceda oomatshini basebenze ngcono kwaye bahlale ixesha elide.
Iteknoloji yokuCoca iLaser: Iinzuzo
Ukucocwa kweLaser kutshintsha indlela esicoca ngayo izinto kumashishini amaninzi ahlukeneyo namhlanje. Isebenzisa imisebe yokukhanya enamandla ukususa ubumdaka, umhlwa, kunye nezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo kumphezulu. Le ndlela intsha yokucoca inceda ukukhusela okusingqongileyo ngokungadali nayiphi na inkunkuma eyingozi. Itekhnoloji isebenza ngokujolisa ngononophelo kuphela ukungcola ngelixa ishiya indawo engaphantsi ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo.
Iinkampani zingonga imali ngokucoca i-laser ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukufakela izixhobo kubiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa amashishini akusayi kufuneka aqhubeke ethenga imichiza yokucoca okanye imathiriyeli emva koko. Abasebenzi bahlala bekhuselekile xa becoca ngelaser endaweni yeekhemikhali ezirhabaxa. Itekhnoloji ingasetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye nakumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukusuka ekucoceni izixhobo ezinzima zefektri ukuya ekubuyiseleni imizobo emidala.
Imingeni Ukuqalisa ngokucoca ngelaser kunokuba nzima. Oomatshini bayabiza, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kwiinkampani ezincinci ukubathenga. Ezinye izixhobo azisebenzi kakuhle ngelaser, kwaye iinkampani kufuneka zizivavanye kuqala. Abasebenzi bafuna uqeqesho olulodwa ukuze basebenzise izixhobo ngokuchanekileyo. Ukucocwa kweLaser kunokuthatha ixesha elide kuneendlela zokucoca rhoqo xa usebenza kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu.
Ukukhangela Phambili Iinkampani ezininzi zifuna iindlela ezicocekileyo neziluhlaza zokusebenza. Iinkqubo ezingcono zokucoca ngelaser ziyaphuhliswa ngalo lonke ixesha. Uphuculo olutsha luya kwenza itekhnoloji ikhawuleze kwaye ingabizi kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Ezi nkqubo zinokukhawuleza zisetyenziswe kwiindawo ezingakumbi, njengokucoca izixhobo zonyango okanye ukwenza izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezincinci.
Ukusonga ukucoca iLaser kunika indlela entsha nengcono yokucoca izinto. Le teknoloji inika iinkampani ukulawula ngakumbi kwaye inceda ukukhusela okusingqongileyo ngaxeshanye. Ngelixa kukho ezinye iingxaki zokusonjululwa, ukucocwa kwelaser kuhlala kubangcono. Itekhnoloji iya kuxhaphaka ngakumbi njengoko amashishini amaninzi efunda ngeenzuzo zawo.
Iinkampani kufuneka zifunde malunga nokucoca ngelaser ngaphambi kokuba zithathe isigqibo sokuyisebenzisa. Njengoko amashishini amaninzi efuna iindlela zokucoca ezichanekileyo kunye nezilungele umhlaba, obu buchwepheshe buya kubaluleka ngakumbi. Ukucocwa kweLaser kuya kuhlala kuphucuka kwaye kufumaneke ukusetyenziswa okutsha kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Le nkqubela phambili iya kunceda ukubumba indlela esicoca ngayo izinto kwixa elizayo.
Ukucocwa kweLaser yindlela eluncedo yokusebenzisa iilaser kubunjineli. Le ndlela ihambele phambili isebenza ngokusebenzisa amandla agxininisiweyo e-laser ukufudumeza ubumdaka kunye nezinto ezingafunekiyo kumphezulu, uzenze zahlukane ukusuka kumphezulu ngokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza, ukunyibilika, okanye ukujikela ekubeni yirhasi, eyenza isiphumo esinamandla sokucoca esinokusingatha iintlobo ezininzi zokungcola kunye nongcoliseko. Ukucocwa kweLaser kuyakhawuleza kwaye akuyonzakalisi okusingqongileyo. Obu bugcisa bungqineke buxabisekile ekucoceni iimbumba zamatayara, ukususa ipeyinti kwiinqwelomoya, nasekulungiseni izinto zakudala ezifuna ukubuyiselwa ngononophelo.
Iindlela zokucoca rhoqo ziquka ukukhuhla ngokomzimba njengokuqhunyiswa kwesanti kunye nokuhlamba ngoxinzelelo, ukusebenzisa imichiza, ukusebenzisa amaza omsindo, kunye nokucoca ngomkhenkce owomileyo. Ezi ndlela zahlukeneyo zokucoca zisetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi ahlukeneyo namashishini namhlanje. I-Sandblasting inokucoca amabala esinyithi, imiphetho yentsimbi erhabaxa egudileyo, kwaye isuse iingubo ezikhuselayo kwiibhodi zesekethe ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto zokucoca. Ukucocwa kweekhemikhali kusetyenziswa kuyo yonke indawo, ukusuka ekususeni ioli kunye nokungcola kwisixhobo ukucoca ukwakha kwiibhoyili kunye nemibhobho yeoli. Nangona ezi ndlela zokucoca ezindala zisebenza kakuhle kwaye sele zisetyenziswe ixesha elide, zineengxaki ezithile. Ukuqhunyiswa kwesanti kungonakalisa izinto ezicocwayo, ngelixa ukucocwa kweekhemikhali kunokuba kubi kokusingqongileyo kwaye kusenokwenzakalisa umphezulu ocociweyo ukuba akwenziwanga kakuhle.
Ukucocwa kweLaser kuyitshintshile indlela esicoca ngayo izinto ngokupheleleyo. Le ndlela intsha ithatha ithuba lokugxila kwamandla e-laser, ukujoliswa okuchanekileyo, kunye nokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono kuneendlela zokucoca ezindala. Ukucocwa kweLaser kusebenza ngcono kakhulu kuneendlela zemveli ngeendlela ezininzi. Xa uyithelekisa neendlela zokucoca ezindala ezisebenzisa iikhemikhali, ukucocwa kwelaser akuyi kuwonakalisa okusingqongileyo okanye konakalise umphezulu ococwayo.
Yintoni kanye kanye ukucoca ngelaser?
Xa ukhomba i-laser beam kwinto emdaka, isusa izinto ezingafunekiyo kwiindawo eziqinileyo okanye ngamanye amaxesha ezingamalwelo ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Ukuba usebenzisa i-laser beam ebuthathaka, ifudumeza ukungcola ide ijike ibe yirhasi kwaye idada. Ukusebenzisa i-laser beam eyomeleleyo kuguqula izinto ezingafunekiyo zibe yigesi eshushu kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yiplasma, eyisusa ngokupheleleyo kumphezulu.
Iintlobo zeteknoloji yokucoca i-laser
I-1) Ukucocwa kwe-laser okomileyo: Ukucocwa kwe-laser eyomileyo kuxa i-laser ye-pulsed ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo ukucoca i-workpiece, ibangela ukuba i-substrate okanye i-surface contaminants ithathe amandla kunye nokwanda kweqondo lokushisa, okubangela ukwanda kwe-thermal okanye i-thermal vibration ye-substrate, ngaloo ndlela yahlula ezimbini. Le ndlela inokwahlulwa ngokurhabaxa ibe ngamatyala amabini: enye kukuba ungcoliseko lomphezulu luthatha i-laser kwaye lwandise; enye kukuba i-substrate ifunxa i-laser kwaye ivelise ukungcangcazela kwe-thermal.
2) Ukucoca okumanzi kweLaser: Ngaphambi kokuba i-laser ye-pulsed ifakwe kwi-workpiece ukuze ihlambuluke, ifilimu ye-liquid ifakwe ngaphambili phezu komhlaba. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-laser, ukushisa kwefilimu ye-liquid kuphakama ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuphephe. Ngomzuzu we-vaporization, i-wave shock wave yenziwe, esebenza kwiinqununu ezingcolileyo kwaye zibangele ukuba ziwe kwi-substrate. Le ndlela idinga ukuba i-substrate kunye nefilimu ye-liquid ayikwazi ukusabela, ngoko ke uluhlu lwezixhobo zokusebenza lulinganiselwe.
Ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokucoca i-laser
Makhe sithethe ngokucoca iitshiphu zekhompyuter kunye neengxenye ezikhethekileyo zeglasi. Ezi zinto zihamba ngamanyathelo afanayo xa zisenziwa, ngokusikwa kunye nokugudisa okunokushiya amasuntswana omdaka ngasemva. Oku kungcola kunzima ngokwenene ukukhupha kwaye kuhlala kubuya kungakhathaliseki ukuba ucoca kangaphi. Xa ukungcola kungena kwiitshiphusi zekhompyuter, aziyi kusebenza kakuhle okanye zihlala ixesha elide. Ubumdaka obufanayo bunokubangela iingxaki xa bufika kwiziqwenga zeglasi ezikhethekileyo, nto leyo ebenza bangacaceki kwaye baguge ngokukhawuleza kunokuba bekufanele. Ukusebenzisa i-laser nje ukucoca ezi ndawo kunokuwonakalisa ngokulula. Endaweni yoko, abantu bafumene impumelelo engcono besebenzisa umxube weendlela zokucoca ngelaser, ngakumbi leyo idala amaza akhethekileyo ukutyhala ukungcola kude.
1) Intsimi ye-semiconductor
Ukucocwa kwee-wafers ze-semiconductor kunye ne-optical substrates Ii-wafers ze-Semiconductor kunye ne-optical substrates zinenkqubo efanayo kwinkqubo yokucubungula, oko kukuthi, izinto eziluhlaza zicutshungulwa kwimilo efunekayo ngokusika, ukugaya, njl. Kule nkqubo, ukungcola okuncinci kuyaziswa, okunzima ukukususa kunye neengxaki ezinzulu zokungcola okuphindaphindiweyo. Izinto ezingcolisayo kumphezulu wee-wafers ze-semiconductor ziya kuchaphazela umgangatho wokuprintwa kwebhodi yesekethe, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ubomi benkonzo yeetshiphusi ze-semiconductor. Izinto ezingcolisayo kumphezulu we-optical substrates ziyakuchaphazela umgangatho wezixhobo ze-optical and coatings, kwaye zinokubangela ukungalingani kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ubomi benkonzo. Ekubeni ukucocwa kwe-laser eyomileyo kunokubangela umonakalo kwi-substrate surface, le ndlela yokucoca ayifane isetyenziswe ekucoceni ama-wafers e-semiconductor kunye ne-optical substrates. Ukucocwa kweLaser kunye nokucoca i-laser plasma shock wave kunezicelo eziphumelele ngakumbi kule ndawo.
2) Intsimi yezinto zetsimbi
Ukucocwa komphezulu wezinto zetsimbi xa kuthelekiswa nokucocwa kwee-wafers ze-semiconductor kunye ne-optical substrates, izinto ezingcolileyo ezicocwa ngokucoca umphezulu wezinto zetsimbi zezodidi lwe-macroscopic. Izinto ezingcolisa umphezulu wezinto zetsimbi ikakhulu ziquka umaleko oxide (umhlwa umaleko), umaleko ipeyinti, ukutyabeka, ezinye attachments, njalo njalo, leyo inokohlulwa ibe organic ezingcolisa (ezifana umaleko ipeyinti, ukutyabeka) kunye ezingcolisa inorganic (ezifana umaleko umhlwa) ngokohlobo ezingcolisayo. Ukucocwa kwezinto ezingcolileyo kumphezulu wezinto zetsimbi ikakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokucutshungulwa okanye ukusetyenziswa okulandelayo. Umzekelo, ngaphambi kokuba i-titanium alloy iinxalenye ze-alloy zidibanise, umaleko we-oxide malunga ne-10um ubukhulu kumphezulu wezinto kufuneka ususwe. Ngexesha lokulungiswa kwenqwelomoya, ipeyinti yokuqala elusu kufuneka isuswe ukuze iphinde itshizwe. Iimbumba zeerabha zeerabha kufuneka zihlanjululwe rhoqo kwiinqununu zerubha ezifakwe kuzo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucoceka kwendawo kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wamatayara avelisiweyo kunye nobomi bobumba. Ixabiso lomonakalo wezinto zetsimbi liphezulu kunomda wokucoca i-laser yezinto ezingcolisa umhlaba. Ngokukhetha i-laser yamandla efanelekileyo, umphumo ongcono wokucoca unokufumaneka.
3) IiRelics zeNkcubeko
Ukucocwa kweMicimbi yeNkcubeko kunye neMiphezulu yePhepha Izinto zentsimbi kunye nelitye zenkcubeko zinembali ende, kwaye ungcoliseko olunjengobumdaka kunye namabala e-inki luya kuvela kumphezulu wabo. Ezi zinto zingcolisayo kufuneka zicocwe ukuze kubuyiselwe izinto zenkcubeko. Iphepha elifana ne-calligraphy kunye nepeyinti iya kukhula isikhunta kwaye yenze iiplagi kumphezulu wayo xa igcinwe ngokungafanelekanga. Ezi cwecwe zichaphazela kakhulu inkangeleko yokuqala yephepha, ngokukodwa iphepha elinexabiso eliphezulu lenkcubeko okanye lembali, eliya kuchaphazela ukuxabisa nokukhusela.
Njengoko iimfuno zabantu zokucoca uhlaza, ubungane bendalo, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokucoca okuphezulu, uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokucoca i-laser nayo ifumene ingqwalasela ebanzi ngakumbi. Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yokucoca i-laser isetyenzisiwe kwimimandla ye-microelectronics, uthutho lukaloliwe, inqwelomoya, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwezinto zenkcubeko, kodwa isajongene nemingeni emininzi yokuphucula ngakumbi iimeko zesicelo sayo, isikali kunye neziphumo. Ngamafutshane, amathemba ophuhliso lweteknoloji yokucoca i-laser ibanzi kakhulu. Iya kusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi kwixesha elizayo, kwaye ngokuqhubela phambili kobuchwepheshe kunye nokwandiswa kwesabelo semarike, isikali sayo kunye noshishino luya kuphuculwa ngakumbi.
Njengoko iimfuno zabantu zokucoca uhlaza, ubungane bendalo, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokucoca okuphezulu, uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokucoca i-laser nayo ifumene ingqwalasela ebanzi ngakumbi. Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yokucoca i-laser isetyenzisiwe kwimimandla ye-microelectronics, uthutho lukaloliwe, inqwelomoya, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwezinto zenkcubeko, kodwa isajongene nemingeni emininzi yokuphucula ngakumbi iimeko zesicelo sayo, isikali kunye neziphumo. Ngamafutshane, amathemba ophuhliso lweteknoloji yokucoca i-laser ibanzi kakhulu. Iya kusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi kwixesha elizayo, kwaye ngokuqhubela phambili kobuchwepheshe kunye nokwandiswa kwesabelo semarike, isikali sayo kunye noshishino luya kuphuculwa ngakumbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-13-2025
