Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser bishobora kuba isoko rikura cyane mu gukoresha laser

Mu myaka mike ishize, ibikoresho byo gukata icyuma bya laser bishingiye kuri fiber laser byateye imbere vuba, kandi byagabanutse mu 2019. Muri iki gihe, amasosiyete menshi yizeye ko ibikoresho bifite 6KW cyangwa birenga 10KW bizongera gukoresha uburyo bushya bwo gukata laser.

Mu myaka mike ishize, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ntabwo byakuruye abantu benshi. Imwe mu mpamvu ni uko isoko ry’imashini zisudira hakoreshejwe laser ritigeze rizamuka, kandi biragoye ko amasosiyete amwe akora ibijyanye no gusudira hakoreshejwe laser yaguka. Ariko, mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’umusaruro w’imashini zisudira hakoreshejwe laser mu nzego nyinshi zikomeye nko mu modoka, bateri, itumanaho ry’amatara, gukora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, n’ibyuma, igipimo cy’isoko ry’imashini zisudira hakoreshejwe laser cyariyongereye buhoro buhoro. Birumvikana ko ingano y’isoko ry’imashini zisudira hakoreshejwe laser mu gihugu hose iri hafi miliyari 11 z’amanyarwanda mu 2020, kandi uruhare rwazo mu gukoresha laser rwakomeje kwiyongera.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser

Ikoreshwa rya laser mu gusudira bitarenze igihe cyo gukata, kandi imbaraga nyamukuru z'ibigo bya kera bya laser mu gihugu cyanjye ni laser welding. Hariho kandi ibigo byihariye mu gusudira laser mu gihugu cyanjye. Mu minsi ya mbere, laser ikoresha amatara na YAG laser welding byakoreshwaga cyane cyane. Byose byari ibikoresho bisanzwe bya laser welding bifite imbaraga nke. Byakoreshwaga mu nzego zitandukanye nko mu bimera, mu kwamamaza, mu birahuri, mu mitako, nibindi. Ubunini ni buke cyane. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hamwe no kunoza imbaraga za laser, ikiruta byose, laser za semiconductor na fiber lasers zagiye zitera imbere buhoro buhoro mu gukoresha laser welding, zica inzitizi za tekiniki zo gusudira laser kandi zifungura isoko rishya.

Ahantu hagaragara itara ry’urumuri rya fibre laser ni hato, ibyo bikaba bidakwiye gukoreshwa mu gusudira. Ariko, abakora bakoresha ihame rya galvanometer swing beam n’ikoranabuhanga nka swing welding head, kugira ngo fibre laser ibashe gusudira neza. Gusuka laser byagiye byinjira buhoro buhoro mu nganda zigezweho zo mu gihugu nko mu modoka, inzira za gari ya moshi, indege, ingufu za kirimbuzi, imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, n’itumanaho rikoresha urumuri. Urugero, FAW, Chery, na Guangzhou Honda bo mu Bushinwa bakoresheje imiyoboro ikora ikora itara ry’urumuri rya laser; CRRC Tangshan Locomotives, CRRC Qingdao Sifang locomotive nazo zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira ku rwego rwa kilowatt; hakoreshwa bateri nyinshi z’amashanyarazi, kandi amasosiyete akomeye nka CATL, AVIC Lithium Battery, BYD, na Guoxuan yakoresheje ibikoresho byo gusudira bya laser ku bwinshi.

Gusudira bateri z'amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe laser bigomba kuba ari byo byifuzwa cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha, kandi byateje imbere cyane ibigo nka Lianying Laser, na Han's New Energy. Icya kabiri, bigomba kuba gusudira ibice by'imodoka n'ibice byazo. Ubushinwa ni bwo bucuruzi bunini ku isi bw'imodoka. Hari ibigo byinshi bishaje by'imodoka, ibigo bishya by'imodoka bihora bizamuka, bifite ibirango by'imodoka bigera ku 100, kandi igipimo cyo gukoresha laser mu gutunganya imodoka kiracyari hasi cyane. Haracyari umwanya munini w'ejo hazaza. Icya gatatu ni ugusudira laser mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Muri byo, ahantu hakorerwa ibikorwa bijyanye no gukora telefoni zigendanwa n'itumanaho ry'amatara ni hanini cyane.

Ni ngombwa kandi kuvuga ko gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ikoreshwa mu ntoki byinjiye mu cyiciro gikomeye. Ubukene bw'ibikoresho byo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ikoreshwa mu ntoki bushingiye kuri wati 1000 kugeza kuri wati 2000 bya lasers byariyongereye cyane mu myaka ibiri ishize. Bishobora gusimbura byoroshye uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gusudira arc no gusudira ahantu hadakora neza. Bikoreshwa cyane mu gusudira inganda z'ibikoresho, ibice by'ibyuma, imiyoboro y'ibyuma bitagira umugese, aloi za aluminiyumu, inzugi n'amadirishya, inkuta, n'ibikoresho by'ubwiherero. Umubare w'ibyoherezwa mu mwaka ushize wari urenga 10.000, ibyo bikaba biri kure cyane yo kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi haracyari amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere.

Ubushobozi bwo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser

Kuva mu 2018, igipimo cy’iterambere ry’isoko ry’ibikoresho byo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser cyariyongereye, aho igipimo cy’umwaka kirenga 30%, cyarenze igipimo cy’iterambere ry’ibikoresho byo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser. Ibitekerezo byatanzwe n’ibigo bimwe na bimwe bya laser ni bimwe. Urugero, bitewe n’ingaruka z’icyorezo cyo mu 2020, kugurisha kwa Raycus Laser ibikoresho byo gusudira byariyongereyeho 152% uko umwaka utashye; RECI Laser yibanze kuri laser zo gusudira zikoreshwa mu ntoki, kandi yigaruriye umugabane munini muri uru rwego.

Urwego rwo gusudira rufite ingufu nyinshi rwatangiye gukoresha buhoro buhoro amasoko y'urumuri rwo mu ngo, kandi amahirwe yo gukura ni menshi. Mu nganda nka bateri za lithium, inganda z'imodoka, inzira za gari ya moshi, n'inganda z'amato, gusudira hakoreshejwe laser, nk'ihuriro ry'ingenzi mu bikorwa byo gukora, nabyo byazanye amahirwe meza yo gutera imbere. Bitewe no kunoza imikorere ya laser zo mu ngo no gukenera inganda nini kugira ngo kugabanya ikiguzi, amahirwe ya laser zo mu ngo zo gusimbuza itumizwa mu mahanga yaraje.

Dukurikije uburyo rusange bwo gusudira, ingufu zikenewe ubu kuva kuri wati 1.000 kugeza kuri wati 4.000 ni zo nini cyane, kandi zizaganza mu gusudira hakoreshejwe laser mu gihe kizaza. Gusudira laser nyinshi zikoreshwa n'intoki zikoreshwa mu gusudira ibice by'ibyuma n'ibyuma bitagira umugese bifite ubunini buri munsi ya mm 1.5, kandi imbaraga za 1000W zirahagije. Mu gusudira ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu bya bateri z'amashanyarazi, bateri za moteri, ibice by'indege, ibyuma by'imodoka, nibindi, 4000W zishobora guhaza byinshi mu bikenewe. Gusudira laser bizaba ahantu ho gukoresha laser hazaba umuvuduko wihuse mu gihe kizaza, kandi ubushobozi bwo gutera imbere bushobora kuba bwinshi kuruta ubwo gukata laser.