Igisobanuro Cyuzuye cyo Gukuraho Laser Irangi Kubiti

Kugarura igice cyumurage wibiti akenshi bitangirana nigihe cyo gutindiganya. Icyifuzo cyo kwerekana ubuso bwumwimerere gipimirwa ku kaga ko kwangirika burundu. Umusenyi ukabije urashobora gusiba amakuru meza nibimenyetso byamateka, mugihe imiti ikaze yimiti ishobora kuzuza no kwanduza inkwi, bigatera ibibazo bishya. Uku kumvikana hagati yisuku no kubungabunga byababaje abagarura imyaka mirongo. Uyu munsi, igisubizo gishya - gukuraho irangi rya lazeri mu giti - ni uguhindura umurima. Aka gatabo karasesengura siyanse, inyungu, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa bwubu buhanga bwuzuye, bukora neza, kandi bwangiza ibidukikije.

Nigute Isuku ya Laser ikora ku giti?

Gukoresha lazeri ifite ingufu nyinshi kubintu byoroshye nkibiti bishobora gusa nkibisubizo byibiza. Nyamara, tekinoroji ntabwo yerekeye imbaraga zubugome ahubwo ni ubumenyi bwa siyansi. Inzira ishingiye ku ihame ryitwa laser ablation, ryemerera gukuraho ibice bidakenewe nk'irangi cyangwa langi bitabangamiye inkwi ziri munsi.

Gukuraho Laser ni iki?

Gukuraho Laser ni inzira aho urumuri rwa laser rukuraho ibintu cyangwa igipfundikizo hejuru. Lazeri ihinduwe neza kugirango ikoreshwe gusa murwego rwo hejuru (nk'irangi) hanyuma usige ibikoresho munsi idakoraho.

Urufunguzo rwibikorwa ni uguhitamo. Lazeri yihariye yumurambararo nigihe cyigihe cyo guhitamo byatoranijwe kugirango ingufu zinjizwe n irangi ariko bigaragazwa nigiti kiri munsi. Irangi rimaze guhumeka, ingufu za lazeri ntizongera kugira ingaruka kubiti byimbaho, bigasigara bisukuye kandi bitangiritse.

Inzira yo Gusukura

Inzira yo gukoresha lazeri mugusukura inkwi irashobora gucikamo intambwe zikurikira:

• Intego yo Gutanga Ingufu: Urumuri rwibanze rwumucyo, rukozwe ningufu zikomeye, rugamije hejuru.

• Umwuka wihuse: Irangi cyangwa igifuniko gikurura ingufu za laser. Ubu bushyuhe bukabije, bwaho butera igipfundikizo gihita cyuka, bigahindura ibintu bikomeye muri gaze nibice byiza.

• Gutandukana: Iyo igifuniko gihindutse gaze, umurunga wacyo hejuru yubutaka uracika, ukayikuramo neza.

• Kubungabunga Substrate: Kuberako lazeri ihindurwamo byumwihariko kugirango itwikwe, ntabwo yangiza ibiti byimbere, byemeza ko ubuso bukomeza kuba bwiza.

Sisitemu Yingenzi ya Laser yo Gusukura Ibiti

Mugusukura ibiti, ubwoko bwa sisitemu ya sisitemu ikoreshwa ni ngombwa. Isuku ya laser isukuye ninganda zinganda zidashidikanywaho, mugihe sisitemu ikomeza ya Wave (CW) idakwiye rwose.

Gusunika Laser

• Igikorwa: Tanga ingufu mugihe gito kidasanzwe, guturika cyane cyangwa "pulses."

• Inyungu: Iyi nzira itanga igiti hejuru yigihe gito cyo gukonjesha hagati ya buri pulse.

• Igisubizo: Igihe cyo gukonjesha ni ingenzi mu gukumira ubushyuhe no kwirinda gutwikwa cyangwa gutwika inkwi zoroshye munsi.

• Gusaba: Bahawe agaciro kubikorwa byabo, kwiringirwa, no kugenzura neza batanga, bigatuma biba byiza kubiti.

Kuki Ukoresha Laser mugukuraho irangi?

Iyo ugereranije nuburyo gakondo, guhitamo kuvana irangi rya lazeri mubiti bitanga inyungu zingenzi zikemura ibibazo bisanzwe mugusana ibiti, harimo neza, umutekano, no gukora neza.

Ibyiza byo Gukuraho Irangi

Ntagereranywa Icyubahiro n'ubwitonzi

Inyungu zingenzi zogusukura lazeri nuko ari inzira idahuza kandi idahwitse. Ibi bituma urwego rudasanzwe rwibintu birambuye no kubika ibintu byihishe.

• Irasiga ingano yumwimerere yimbaho.

• Irinda amakuru arambuye, nkibikoresho byumwimerere byumukorikori.

• Ntabwo bihungabanya patina yoroheje ikura ku giti hamwe nimyaka.

Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije

Isuku ya Laser ifatwa nkikoranabuhanga ryicyatsi kuko ikora idafite imiti ikaze cyangwa umusemburo.

• Bikuraho ibikenerwa byimiti yimiti.

• Ntabwo itanga imyanda ya kabiri ishobora guteza akaga, bitandukanye na chimique.

Kongera imbaraga

Kwambura intoki cyangwa imashini bizwiho gutinda no gukora cyane. Sisitemu ya laser ikora kumuvuduko mwinshi.

• Isukura hejuru yumuvuduko uhoraho kandi wihuse.

• Igabanya cyane amasaha-man asabwa kumushinga.

• Ifasha kwihutisha igihe cyumushinga.

Umutekano wo hejuru

Iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe na protocole yukuri, sisitemu ya laser irema ibidukikije bikora neza ugereranije nubundi buryo.

• Irinda kurema ibicu binini byumukungugu bijyana no kumucanga.

• Iyo ihujwe nogukuramo fume ihuriweho, sisitemu ifata ibice aho yaremye.

Ikiguzi-Cyiza mugihe kirekire

Mugihe ishoramari ryambere muri sisitemu ya laser ari ryinshi, birashobora kuba igisubizo cyigiciro cyinshi kubikorwa byubucuruzi mugihe.

• Ikuraho ibiciro byisubiramo byibikoreshwa nka chimique na sandpaper.

• Ikuraho ibikenewe muri serivisi zihenze zangiza imyanda.

Isesengura rigereranya: Laser na Gukuraho Irangi rya gakondo

Kugira ngo usobanukirwe n'agaciro ko gukuraho irangi rya lazeri mu biti, ni byiza kubigereranya nuburyo busanzwe nko kwambura imiti no gutunganya umucanga. Itandukaniro ryingaruka zubutaka, umutekano, nibidukikije ni ngombwa.

Kugereranya: Laser, Chemical, na Mechanical Methods

Gukuraho Laser na Shimura

Kwiyambura imiti bikubiyemo gukoresha umusemburo wo gushonga irangi, uburyo hamwe nibibazo bikomeye isuku ya laser itsinze.

Ubuzima n'ibidukikije

• Gukuramo imiti: Ubu buryo burekura ibinyabuzima bihindagurika (VOCs) kandi bigakora umwanda wuburozi uhenze kandi bigoye kujugunya neza.

• Gukuraho Laser: Inzira ya laser irigenga. Iyo ihujwe nogukuramo umwotsi, ntabwo itanga imyanda ya kabiri.

Ubunyangamugayo bwibiti

• Gukuramo imiti.

• Gukuraho Laser: Ubu ni inzira yumye isiga isuku, idahinduwe hejuru yiteguye kurangira ako kanya.

Gukuraho Laser na Uburyo bwa Mechanical (Sanding, Blasting)

Uburyo bwa mashini bukoresha guterana cyangwa ingaruka kugirango ushireho irangi. Nubwo bifite akamaro, birasanzwe bikabije kandi birashobora kwangiza inkwi.

Ibyangiritse

• Uburyo bwa mashini: Umusenyi urasebanya kandi urashobora gukora byoroshye ibimenyetso byizunguruka, gusibanganya impande zikarishye, no guhanagura umwimerere winkwi. Nibibi byibanze.

• Gukuraho Laser: Kuberako inzira idahuza, irinda rwose izo ngaruka, irinda ubuso bwambere.

Ibisobanuro birambuye

• Uburyo bwa mashini: Ntibishoboka rwose gushushanya umucanga ushushanyije cyangwa ibishushanyo utarimbuye ubukorikori bwiza.

• Gukuraho Laser: Urumuri rwa lazeri rushobora kwibandwaho neza kugirango rusukure uturere tworoshye neza nta guteza ingaruka.

Umwanda uhumanya ikirere

• Uburyo bwa mashini: Umusenyi no guturika bitanga umubare munini wumukungugu wo mu kirere, ushobora guteza akaga.

• Gukuraho Laser: Sisitemu ya laser hamwe nogukuramo fume ikomatanya ifata ibyo bice aho biva, bikabuza kwanduza umwuka.

Gukuraho Laser Irangi Inzira: Intambwe ku yindi

Gukuraho irangi rya Laser ni inzira igenzurwa cyane kandi itunganijwe ishingiye kubikorwa byakozwe kugirango igere kubisubizo byiza.

1. Isuzuma ryambere & Gutegura Ubuso:Umutekinisiye agaragaza ubwoko bwibiti hamwe nigitambaro kugirango amenye igenamiterere ryambere. Ubuso busukuye umwanda urekuye.

2. Kugerageza no Kugerageza:Iki nicyiciro gikomeye. Ukoresheje agace gato, katagaragara, uyikoresha ahindura imbaraga za lazeri, inshuro zingana, n'umuvuduko kugirango abone “inzitizi yo gukuramo” - igenamigambi rihindura irangi bitagize ingaruka ku giti.

3. Igenzurwa rya Laser Porogaramu:Umukoresha yimura laser optique muburyo bwubuso. Mubikorwa byose, umutekinisiye akurikirana ibisubizo kugirango arangize neza.

4. Gukuramo Fume n'umutekano:Icyarimwe, nozzle ifite ingufu nyinshi zikuramo nozzle ishyirwa kumwanya wo gukuraho kugirango ifate ibice byose byuka na gaze. Iyi nintambwe yumutekano idashobora kuganirwaho.

5. Igenzura rya nyuma na nyuma yo kuvurwa:Ubuso bugenzurwa kugirango buhuze. Ibisigisigi byiza byose byahanaguwe buhoro, hasigara isuku, yumye ihita yitegura kurangiza.

Ibitekerezo byubukungu: Isesengura-Inyungu

Kuri benshi, ibintu bifatika biza kumanuka. Mugihe ishoramari ryambere riri hejuru, ibiciro bishingiye kumushinga birarushanwa cyane.

Guha akazi Serivise Yumwuga na DIY

Bitewe nigiciro cyinshi cyibikoresho (ibihumbi kugeza ku bihumbi magana byamadorari) hamwe no gukenera cyane ibyemezo byumutekano, kuvanaho irangi rya DIY ntabwo ari ibintu bishoboka cyangwa byemewe kubantu.

Guhitamo bifatika kandi bifite umutekano ni ugukoresha serivisi yihariye yo gusukura laser. Ibi bitanga uburyo bwo kubona ibikoresho bigezweho nubuhanga bwumutekinisiye wahuguwe. Igiciro cyo gushaka umunyamwuga kizaterwa na:

• Ubuso bwose:Amashusho rusange.

• Igikoresho cyo gutwikira:Ubwoko, ubunini, n'umubare w'irangi.

• Kuboneka kurubuga:Niba ikintu kiri mumahugurwa cyangwa gisaba akazi kumurongo.

Ni izihe mbogamizi n'ingaruka zo kweza Laser?

Nubwo imbaraga, tekinoroji yo gusukura laser ntabwo ari igisubizo rusange kubikorwa byose byo gusana ibiti. Gusobanukirwa aho bigarukira, imbogamizi, hamwe na protocole yumutekano iteganijwe ningirakamaro kugirango ikoreshwe neza kandi neza.

Imipaka n'imbogamizi

Inzitizi zifatikaImikorere ya laser iterwa cyane nubwoko bwo gutwikira hamwe ninkwi ubwazo.

• Irangi rishingiye: Lazeri irashobora gukuraho irangi ryisasu, ariko kubikora bihindura isasu kandi bigatera umwotsi wuburozi cyane. Iyi nzira isaba sisitemu yo gukuramo fume yihariye, yemejwe hamwe na protocole yibikoresho, byongera imishinga igoye hamwe nigiciro.

• Kwinjira: Gukuraho Laser bikora mukuraho ibice byubuso. Ntibishobora kurwanya ikizinga cyinjiye cyane mumibabi yimbaho, kuko ntagice cyihariye cyo gukuraho.

• Ubushyuhe-Bwumva Amashyamba: Ibiti bimwe na bimwe byoroshye bifite resin nyinshi, nka pinusi, birashobora gutwikwa mugihe igenamiterere rya laser ridahinduwe neza. Ibi bisaba urwego rwohejuru rwabakozi bashinzwe gukumira ibyangiritse.

Inzitizi zikorwa

• Umurongo-wo-Icyerekezo gisabwa: Urumuri rwa laser rugenda kumurongo ugororotse. Ntishobora kweza impande zose cyangwa ahantu hafatanye aho umutwe wa laser udashobora kwerekanwa hejuru.

• Igiciro Cyambere Cyambere: Ishoramari rikomeye ryibikoresho bikomeje kuba inzitizi nini yo kwakirwa henshi. Ibi bikomeza ikoranabuhanga cyane cyane mumaboko yabashoramari kabuhariwe.

Inyigo hamwe nukuri-kwisi Porogaramu

• Kugarura imyubakire:Byakoreshejwe ku nyubako zamateka kugirango ukureho amarangi yimyaka irangi kumiti yimbaho ​​no kumitako itatse byangiza imyenda yamateka.

• Kugarura ibikoresho bya kera:Yizewe naba conservateurs kugarura ibintu bya kera bitagereranywa mugusukura ibishushanyo bikaze hamwe na shitingi byasenywa nubundi buryo.

• Isuku mu nganda:Akazi mu gukora kugirango asukure ibisigazwa mubiti bikozwe mubiti no muburyo bwihuse kandi udahinduye ibipimo byabyo.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi byumutekano

Gukurikiza amategeko akomeye yumutekano ntabwo byemewe gusa - ni itegeko rwose.

• Ibikoresho byo Kurinda Umuntu (PPE):Ibi birimoindorerwamo z'umutekanoigipimo cya laser yihariye yuburebure,ubuhumekerokurinda imyotsi, hamwe no gukingira, imyenda idashya.

• Umutekano w'akarere:Aka gace kagomba kugira sisitemu yo gukuramo umwotsi wabigize umwuga, igahanagurwaho ibikoresho byose byaka, kandi ikazimya umuriro byoroshye. Abakora bagomba guhugurwa byuzuye kandi bagakurikiza byimazeyo amabwiriza yabakozwe.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo)

1. Gukuraho irangi rya laser bifite umutekano rwose kubiti byose?

Nibyiza kubwoko bwinshi bwibiti iyo bikozwe numutekinisiye wabihuguriwe. Urufunguzo nugusuzuma neza. Ku mashyamba yoroshye cyane cyangwa yoroheje, hari ibyago byo gutwika niba bidakozwe neza. Ntabwo ari byiza gukuraho ikizinga cyinjira.

2. Nshobora gukoresha laser kugirango nkureho irangi ryisasu mubiti?

Nibyo, ariko ni umurimo wihariye. Lazeri ihumeka icyuma, ikora imyotsi yubumara igomba gufatwa na sisitemu yemewe yo kuyungurura. Ibi bigomba gukorwa gusa nababigize umwuga bafite ibikoresho bikwiye hamwe na protocole.

3. Gukuraho irangi rya laser birahenze kuruta kwambura imiti cyangwa kumusenyi?

Igiciro cyambere cyo gukoresha serivise ya laser kirashobora kuba hejuru kuruta kugura urumogi rwimiti. Ariko, mugihe ushyira mugiciro cyose - harimo umurimo, ibikoresho, guta imyanda ishobora guteza akaga, hamwe nigiciro cyo gusana ibyangiritse byatewe nubundi buryo - kuvanaho lazeri akenshi usanga bihendutse cyane, cyane cyane kubintu bifite agaciro kanini.

Umwanzuro: Igihe kizaza cyo gusana ibiti

Gukuraho irangi rya lazeri byerekana ihinduka ryimiterere yo gusana ibiti. Itanga ihuriro ntagereranywa ryibisobanuro, imikorere, ninshingano z ibidukikije. Nubwo bitaraboneka igikoresho cyagerwaho na bose, cyihagararaho nkigipimo cya zahabu kumishinga ifite agaciro kanini aho kubungabunga substrate aricyo kintu cyambere. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rigenda rinonosorwa kandi rihendutse, ryiteguye kuba umusingi winganda zogusana no kubungabunga umwuga wabigize umwuga, bigatuma ubwiza bwumurage wibiti byacu bushobora kubungabungwa ubudahemuka kuruta mbere hose.