Gusudira hakoreshejwe laser: Uburyo bwo guhitamo gaze irinda

Guhitamo umwuka ufasha mu gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ni kimwe mu byemezo by'ingenzi cyane ufata, nyamara akenshi biratahurwa. Wigeze wibaza impamvu gusudira hakoreshejwe laser bisa nkaho ari byiza byananiranye mu gihe cy'ihungabana? Igisubizo gishobora kuba mu kirere… cyangwa se, mu mwuka runaka wakoresheje mu kurinda isudira.

Iyi gaze, nanone yitwa gaze yo gukingira ikoreshwa mu gusudira hakoreshejwe laser, si ikintu cyongera gusa; ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'iyi gahunda. Ikora imirimo itatu idasubirwaho igena neza ubwiza, imbaraga, n'isura y'umusaruro wawe wa nyuma.

Irinda ubushuhe:Iyo gaze ifasha ikora umutuku urinda icyuma gishongeshejwe, ikakirinda imyuka yo mu kirere nka ogisijeni na azote. Iyo udafite iyi nganzo, ubona inenge zikomeye nko gushonga (umutuku udakomeye, uhinduka ibara) na porosity (udututu duto dutuma imbaraga zigabanuka).

Itanga imbaraga za laser zose:Iyo laser ikoze ku cyuma, ishobora gukora "igicu cya plasma." Iki gicu gishobora kuzibira no gukwirakwiza ingufu za laser, bigatuma habaho gusudira ku buryo budakomeye kandi budafite imbaraga. Gazi ikwiye iragurutsa iyi plasma, bigatuma imbaraga zose za laser yawe zigera ku kintu gikorerwamo.

Irinda ibikoresho byawe:Umugezi wa gaze kandi urinda umwuka w'icyuma n'imitobe kuguruka bikanduza lens ihenze yo mu mutwe wawe wa laser, bikakurinda igihe gihenze cyo kuruhuka no gusana.

Guhitamo Gazi Ikingira mu Gusudira hakoreshejwe Laser: Abahanganye Bakomeye

Amahitamo yawe ya gazi ashingiye ku bakinnyi batatu b'ingenzi: Argon, Azote, na Heliyumu. Tekereza ko ari inzobere zitandukanye wakoresha ku kazi. Buri imwe ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe, intege nke, n'uburyo bwiza bwo kuyikoresha.

Argon (Ar): Umukozi Wizewe Wose

Argon ni yo gaze ikoreshwa cyane mu isi yo gusudira. Ni gaze idakora, bivuze ko itazagira icyo ikora ku kidendezi cyashongeshejwe. Iremereye kandi kurusha umwuka, bityo itanga uburinzi bwiza kandi buhamye butagomba gukenera amazi menshi cyane.

Ibyiza Kuri:Ibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye, birimo aluminiyumu, icyuma kitagira umugese, cyane cyane ibyuma bihindura imiterere nka titaniyumu. Gusudira kuri lazeri ya Argon ni byo bikoreshwa cyane kuri lazeri ya fibre kuko bitanga umusozo mwiza, ukeye kandi woroshye.

Ingingo y'ingenzi yo kwitaho:Ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gushyiramo ionization. Ifite CO₂ lasers zikomeye cyane, ishobora kugira uruhare mu ikorwa rya plasma, ariko ku bikorwa byinshi bigezweho bya fibre laser, ni yo mahitamo meza.

Azote (N₂): Itanga umusaruro uhendutse kandi uhendutse

Azote ni amahitamo yorohereza igiciro, ariko ntukemere ko igiciro kiri hasi kigushuka. Mu buryo bukwiye, si uburinzi gusa; ni umuntu ukora cyane ushobora kunoza uburyo bwo gusudira.

Ibyiza Kuri:Ingano zimwe na zimwe z'icyuma kitagira umugese. Gukoresha azote mu gusudira icyuma kitagira umugese hakoreshejwe laser bishobora gukora nk'ikintu gitera imbaraga, bigatuza imiterere y'imbere y'icyuma kugira ngo byongere imbaraga za mekanike no kurwanya ingese.

Ingingo y'ingenzi yo kwitaho:Azote ni umwuka utera ingaruka mbi. Kuyikoresha ku bikoresho bitari byo, nka titaniyumu cyangwa bimwe mu byuma bya karuboni, ni ikintu gishobora gutera ibyago. Izahura n'icyuma igatera gushwanyagurika gukomeye, bigatuma isuka ishobora kwangirika igapfa.

Heliyumu (He): Impuguke mu mikorere myiza

Heliyumu ni inyenyeri ihenze cyane. Ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ionization bwinshi cyane, bigatuma iba intwari idashidikanywaho mu kugabanya plasma.

Ibyiza Kuri:Gusudira mu buryo bwimbitse mu bikoresho binini cyangwa bitanga umuvuduko mwinshi nka aluminiyumu n'umuringa. Ni nabyo byiza cyane kuri laser za CO₂ zifite imbaraga nyinshi, zishobora kwibasirwa cyane no gukora plasma.

Ingingo y'ingenzi yo kwitaho:Igiciro. Heliyumu irahenze, kandi kubera ko yoroshye cyane, ukeneye amazi menshi kugira ngo ubone uburinzi buhagije, bityo ikiguzi cyo kuyikoresha kirusheho kwiyongera.

Kugereranya Gazi mu buryo bwihuse

Guhitamo Gazi Ikoreshwa mu Gusudira hakoreshejwe Laser: Guhuza Gazi n'Icyuma

Inyigisho ni nziza cyane, ariko uyikoresha ute? Dore ubuyobozi bworoshye ku bikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa.

Gusudira Ibyuma Bitagira Ingufu

Ufite amahitamo abiri meza hano. Ku byuma bitagira umugese na bibiri, Azote cyangwa uruvange rwa Azote-Argon ni byo bikunze kuba byiza cyane. Byongera imiterere y'icyuma kandi byongera imbaraga z'icyuma cyo gusudira. Niba icyo ushyira imbere ari ugusukura neza kandi umucyo udafite ikoranabuhanga, Argon nziza ni yo nzira nziza.

Gusudira Aluminium

Aluminiyumu iragoye kuko ikuraho ubushyuhe vuba cyane. Ku bikorwa byinshi, Argon nziza ni yo ikoreshwa cyane bitewe n'uburyo irinda neza. Ariko, niba urimo gusudira ibice binini (hejuru ya mm 3-4), uruvange rwa Argon-Helium rurahindura ibintu. Heliyumu itanga ubushyuhe bwinshi bukenewe kugira ngo ugere ku bwinjiriro bwimbitse kandi buhoraho.

Gusudira Titanium

Hari itegeko rimwe gusa ryo gusudira titaniyumu: koresha Argon ifite isuku nyinshi. Ntuzigere ukoresha azote cyangwa uruvange rwa gaze rurimo imyuka ikora. Azote izakorana na titaniyumu, bigatuma imyuka ikora nitride za titaniyumu zituma imyuka ikora nabi cyane kandi ikananirwa. Gukingira neza hakoreshejwe gaze ikurikira n'iy'inyuma ni ngombwa kugira ngo icyuma gikonjeshe kidahura n'umwuka.

Inama y'impuguke:Abantu bakunze kugerageza kuzigama amafaranga bagabanya umuvuduko w’amazi aturuka kuri gaze, ariko iri ni ikosa risanzwe. Igiciro cy’ingufu imwe yananiwe bitewe n’umwuka uhumanya ikirere kiruta cyane ikiguzi cyo gukoresha ingano ikwiye ya gaze ikingira. Buri gihe tangira ukoresheje umuvuduko usabwa wo gukoresha gaze hanyuma uhindure uhereye aho.

Gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe byo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser

Niba urimo kubona ibibazo mu byuma byawe byo gusudira, umwuka wawe wo gufasha ni kimwe mu bintu bya mbere ugomba gukoraho ubushakashatsi.

Guhindura ibara ry'umutuku n'ihinduka ry'ibara:Iki ni cyo kimenyetso kigaragara cyane cy’uburinzi buke. Gazi yawe ntabwo irinda umwuka wa ogisijeni. Ubusanzwe umuti ni ukongera umuvuduko w’umwuka wawe cyangwa kugenzura uburyo bwo gusohora umwuka n’umwuka mu mazuru yawe kugira ngo harebwe niba hari aho amazi ava cyangwa hari aho afunganye.

Uduce duto tw’umwuka (Gas Bubbles):Iyi nenge ituma umuyoboro w’amazi uca intege imbere. Ishobora guterwa n’umuvuduko w’amazi uri hasi cyane (udahagije wo kurinda) cyangwa urimo hejuru cyane, bishobora guteza umuyaga no gukurura umwuka muri pisine y’umuyoboro w’amazi.

Kwinjira mu buryo butunguranye:Niba ubujyakuzimu bwawe buri hose, ushobora kuba uhanganye n'ikibazo cy'uko plasma ifunga laser. Ibi ni ibisanzwe kuri CO2.₂ lasers. Igisubizo ni uguhindura umwuka ufite uburyo bwo kugabanya plasma neza, nka Helium cyangwa uruvange rwa Helium-Argon.

Ingingo zigezweho: Uruvange rwa Gazi n'ubwoko bwa Lazeri

Imbaraga z'Imvange z'Ingamba

Hari igihe gazi imwe gusa itayigabanya cyane. Uruvange rw'imyuka rukoreshwa kugira ngo haboneke "ibyiza kurusha ibindi byombi."

Argon-Helium (Ar/He):Ivanga uburinzi bwiza bwa Argon n'ubushyuhe bwinshi no kugabanya Heliyumu mu maraso. Ni nziza cyane mu gusudira mu buryo bwimbitse muri aluminiyumu.

Argon-Hydrogen (Ar/H₂):Agace gato ka hydrogen (1-5%) gashobora gukora nk'ikintu "kigabanya" icyuma kidashonga, kigakuramo ogisijeni isanzwe kugira ngo habeho igisate cyiza kandi gisukuye.

CO₂ ugereranije naFibre: Guhitamo Laser Ikwiye

Laser za CO₂:Bikunze kwibasirwa cyane no kurema plasma. Niyo mpamvu Helium ihenze ikunze kugaragara mu gipimo cya CO2 gifite imbaraga nyinshi.₂ porogaramu.

Fiber Lazer:Ntabwo zikunze kugira ibibazo bya plasma. Iyi nyungu nziza igufasha gukoresha imyuka ihendutse nka Argon na azote mu mirimo myinshi utiriwe ugabanya imikorere.

Ingingo y'ingenzi

Guhitamo umwuka ufasha mu gusudira hakoreshejwe laser ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu mikorere, ntabwo ari igitekerezo cya nyuma. Usobanukiwe imirimo y'ingenzi yo kurinda, kurinda optique yawe, no kugenzura plasma, ushobora guhitamo neza. Buri gihe huza umwuka n'ibikoresho n'ibyo ukeneye byihariye.

Witeguye kunoza uburyo bwawe bwo gusudira hakoreshejwe laser no gukuraho inenge ziterwa na gaze? Suzuma uburyo ukoresha gaze ukurikije aya mabwiriza maze urebe niba impinduka zoroshye zishobora gutuma habaho iterambere rikomeye mu bwiza no mu mikorere myiza.