Kuwotcherera kwa Laser: Momwe Mungasankhire Mpweya Wanu Woteteza

Kusankha mpweya woyenera wothandizira kuwotcherera ndi laser ndi chimodzi mwa zisankho zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungapange, koma nthawi zambiri zimamveka molakwika. Kodi mudayamba mwadzifunsapo chifukwa chake kuwotcherera kwa laser komwe kumawoneka bwino sikunagwire ntchito panthawi yamavuto? Yankho likhoza kukhala mlengalenga ... kapena m'malo mwake, mu mpweya womwe mudagwiritsa ntchito poteteza wotchingira.

Mpweya uwu, womwe umatchedwanso kuti gasi woteteza powotcherera ndi laser, si chinthu chongowonjezerapo chokha; ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la njirayi. Umagwira ntchito zitatu zomwe sizingakambirane zomwe zimatsimikizira mwachindunji mtundu, mphamvu, ndi mawonekedwe a chinthu chanu chomaliza.

Zimateteza Chophimba:Mpweya wothandizira umapanga thovu loteteza kuzungulira chitsulo chosungunuka, ndikuchiteteza ku mpweya wamlengalenga monga mpweya ndi nayitrogeni. Popanda chishango ichi, mumapeza zolakwika zoopsa monga okosijeni (chotupa chofooka, chosinthika) ndi ma porosity (thovu laling'ono lomwe limawononga mphamvu).

Zimathandiza kuti laser ikhale ndi mphamvu zonse:Pamene laser ikugunda chitsulo, imatha kupanga "mtambo wa plasma." Mtambo uwu ukhoza kutseka ndi kufalitsa mphamvu ya laser, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma weld osaya komanso ofooka. Mpweya woyenera umachotsa plasma iyi, kuonetsetsa kuti mphamvu yonse ya laser yanu ifika pa workpiece.

Zimateteza Zida Zanu:Mpweya wa gasi umatetezanso nthunzi yachitsulo ndi madzi kuti zisauluke mmwamba ndikuipitsa lenzi yodula kwambiri yomwe ili mumutu mwanu wa laser, zomwe zimakupulumutsani ku nthawi yopuma komanso kukonza zinthu zodula.

Kusankha Gasi Woteteza pa Laser Welding: Otsutsa Akuluakulu

Gasi yomwe mungasankhe imadalira magulu atatu akuluakulu: Argon, Nayitrogeni, ndi Helium. Awaganizireni ngati akatswiri osiyanasiyana omwe mungawalembe ntchito. Aliyense ali ndi mphamvu zake zapadera, zofooka zake, komanso njira zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito.

Argon (Ar): Wodalirika Wozungulira Zonse

Argon ndiye ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yowotcherera. Ndi mpweya wopanda mpweya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sungagwirizane ndi dziwe losungunuka la weld. Ndi lolemeranso kuposa mpweya, kotero limapereka chitetezo chabwino komanso chokhazikika popanda kufunikira kuchuluka kwa madzi othamanga kwambiri.

Zabwino Kwambiri:Zipangizo zambiri, kuphatikizapo aluminiyamu, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, komanso makamaka zitsulo zosinthika monga titaniyamu. Kuwotcherera kwa laser ya Argon ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito ma fiber laser chifukwa kumapereka mawonekedwe oyera, owala, komanso osalala a weld.

Mfundo Yofunika Kuiganizira:Ili ndi mphamvu yochepa ya ionization. Ndi ma laser amphamvu kwambiri a CO₂, imatha kuthandizira kupanga plasma, koma pa ntchito zambiri zamakono za fiber laser, ndiyo chisankho chabwino kwambiri.

Nayitrogeni (N₂): Yogwira Ntchito Moyenera

Nayitrogeni ndi njira yabwino yotsika mtengo, koma musalole kuti mtengo wotsika ukupusitseni. Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera, si chishango chokha; ndi munthu amene angachitepo kanthu amene angathe kukonza bwino chotchingira.

Zabwino Kwambiri:Mitundu ina ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni powotcherera chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri pogwiritsa ntchito laser kungathandize kulimbitsa kapangidwe ka mkati mwa chitsulocho kuti chikhale ndi mphamvu komanso kukana dzimbiri.

Mfundo Yofunika Kuiganizira:Nayitrogeni ndi mpweya woipa. Kugwiritsa ntchito pa zinthu zolakwika, monga titaniyamu kapena zitsulo zina za kaboni, ndi njira yowopsa. Idzagwirizana ndi chitsulocho ndipo imayambitsa kusweka kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti weld iwonongeke.

Helium (He): Katswiri Wogwira Ntchito Mwapamwamba

Helium ndi nyenyezi yokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ili ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya ionization, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale mtsogoleri wosadziwika bwino pakuchepetsa plasma.

Zabwino Kwambiri:Kuwotcherera kozama kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokhuthala kapena zotulutsa mpweya kwambiri monga aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa. Ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito ma laser amphamvu a CO₂, omwe amatha kupangika mosavuta ndi plasma.

Mfundo Yofunika Kuiganizira:Mtengo. Helium ndi yokwera mtengo, ndipo chifukwa chakuti ndi yopepuka kwambiri, mumafunika kuthamanga kwa madzi ambiri kuti mupeze chitetezo chokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zogwirira ntchito ziwonjezeke.

Kuyerekeza kwa Mafuta Omwe Amatchulidwa Mwachangu

Kusankha Mpweya Wogwiritsa Ntchito Laser Welding: Kufananiza Mpweya ndi Chitsulo

Chiphunzitsochi ndi chabwino, koma mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji? Nayi chitsogozo chosavuta cha zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Kuwotcherera Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri

Pali zosankha ziwiri zabwino kwambiri apa. Pa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic ndi duplex, Nayitrogeni kapena Nayitrogeni-Argon nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosankhidwa kwambiri. Zimawonjezera kapangidwe kake ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya weld. Ngati cholinga chanu chachikulu ndi kuyera bwino, kowala popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, Argon yoyera ndiyo njira yabwino.

Kuwotcherera Aluminiyamu

Aluminiyamu ndi yovuta chifukwa imachotsa kutentha mwachangu kwambiri. Pazinthu zambiri, Argon yoyera ndiye chisankho chodziwika bwino chifukwa cha chitetezo chake chabwino kwambiri. Komabe, ngati mukulumikiza zigawo zokhuthala (zoposa 3-4 mm), chisakanizo cha Argon-Helium chimasintha kwambiri. Helium imapereka mphamvu yowonjezera ya kutentha yomwe ikufunika kuti ilowe mkati mwakuya komanso nthawi zonse.

Kuwotcherera Titaniyamu

Pali lamulo limodzi lokha loti titaniyamu ilowetsedwe: gwiritsani ntchito Argon yoyera kwambiri. Musagwiritse ntchito Nayitrogeni kapena mpweya uliwonse wokhala ndi mpweya wochitapo kanthu. Nayitrogeni idzachitapo kanthu ndi titaniyamu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti titaniyamu ikhale yolimba kwambiri komanso yolephera. Kuteteza kwathunthu ndi mpweya wotsatira ndi kumbuyo ndikofunikiranso kuti chitsulo choziziritsira chisakhudze mpweya.

Malangizo a Akatswiri:Anthu nthawi zambiri amayesa kusunga ndalama pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umayenda, koma ichi ndi cholakwika chachikale. Mtengo wa weld imodzi yolephera chifukwa cha okosijeni umaposa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka koyenera kwa mpweya woteteza. Nthawi zonse yambani ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya komwe kumalimbikitsidwa pakugwiritsa ntchito kwanu ndikusintha kuyambira pamenepo.

Kuthetsa Mavuto a Zovuta Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pakuwotcherera ndi Laser

Ngati mukuwona mavuto mu ma weld anu, mpweya wanu wothandizira ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zoyamba zomwe muyenera kufufuza.

Kusungunuka ndi Kusintha kwa Mtundu:Ichi ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha chitetezo chosagwira ntchito bwino. Mpweya wanu suteteza chotchinga ku mpweya. Njira yothetsera vutoli nthawi zambiri imakhala yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umayenda kapena kuyang'ana makina anu operekera mpweya ndi mpweya kuti awone ngati pali kutuluka kapena kutsekeka.

Kuboola kwa Magazi (Mabowo a Gasi):Vutoli limafooketsa weld kuchokera mkati. Lingayambitsidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi komwe kuli kochepa kwambiri (kosateteza mokwanira) kapena komwe kuli kokwera kwambiri, komwe kungayambitse kugwedezeka ndikukoka mpweya mu dziwe lonyowetsera.

Kulowa Kosasinthasintha:Ngati kuya kwa weld yanu kuli ponseponse, mwina mukukumana ndi vuto la plasma loletsa laser. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi CO2.₂ Ma laser. Yankho lake ndikusintha kukhala mpweya wokhala ndi plasma yotsika bwino, monga Helium kapena Helium-Argon mix.

Mitu Yapamwamba: Zosakaniza za Gasi & Mitundu ya Laser

Mphamvu ya Zosakaniza Zanzeru

Nthawi zina, mpweya umodzi sungathe kuugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Kusakaniza mpweya kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze "zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi."

Argon-Helium (Ar/He):Amasakaniza chitetezo chabwino kwambiri cha Argon ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kuletsa plasma ya Helium. Yabwino kwambiri popangira ma welds a aluminiyamu.

Argon-Hydrogen (Ar/H₂):Kuchuluka pang'ono kwa haidrojeni (1-5%) kumatha kugwira ntchito ngati "chochepetsa" chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kufunafuna mpweya wotayika kuti upange mkanda wonyezimira komanso woyeretsera.

CO₂ motsutsana ndiUlusiKusankha Laser Yoyenera

Ma laser a CO₂:Zimakhala zosavuta kupanga plasma. Ichi ndichifukwa chake Helium yokwera mtengo imapezeka kwambiri mu CO2 yamphamvu kwambiri.₂ mapulogalamu.

Ma laser a Ulusi:Samakhala ndi vuto la plasma. Phindu lalikulu ili limakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotsika mtengo monga Argon ndi Nayitrogeni pa ntchito zambiri popanda kuwononga magwiridwe antchito.

Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri

Kusankha mpweya wothandizira kuwotcherera ndi laser ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ntchito, osati kuganizira zamtsogolo. Mukamvetsetsa ntchito zazikulu zotetezera, kuteteza kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndi kuwongolera plasma, mutha kusankha mwanzeru. Nthawi zonse gwirizanitsani mpweya ndi zinthu zomwe mukufuna komanso zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kodi mwakonzeka kukonza njira yanu yowotcherera ndi laser ndikuchotsa zolakwika zokhudzana ndi mpweya? Onaninso zomwe mwasankha panopa pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo awa ndikuwona ngati kusintha kosavuta kungayambitse kusintha kwakukulu muubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito.